I-Course Lawn yindlela yokuphila yegalofu. Impumelelo noma ukwehluleka kweqiniso Ukuphathwa kwe-LawnKuthinta ngqo ngqo ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezifundo nezinzuzo zezomnotho zokusebenza kwazo. Abaphathi bezesayensi nabahle bokuphathwa kwenkundla abakwazi ukuheha abadlali abaningi kuphela futhi balethe izinzuzo ezinhle zezomnotho enkundleni, kodwa futhi bakha idumela elihle lenkundla yezemidlalo futhi bandise ukuthandwa kwenkundla. Okuhlaza yisiginesha yegalofu. Ukubuka nokusebenza okuluhlaza kuthinta ngqo umuzwa wokuhlaziywa kwe-golfer kanye nokuhlola kwegalofu. Ngakho-ke, cishe yonke imifino yegalofu engatshalwa nge-bencrass ikhethwe ukubukwa nokubukwa. I-bencrass ekhazimulayo engcono. Lapho ukhetha i-Bencrass ekhabelelayo, ukhetha nezinselelo ekunakekelweni nasekuphathweni. Okulandelayo okunye kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzi wombhali ekuvinjelweni kwezifo zenkundla zokugcina nokulawula eminyakeni yamuva.
一. Amagciwane amakhulu we-pathogenic
Izifo ze-Stadium Turf zibangelwa isikhunta. Njengohlobo lwe-microorganism, isikhunta sakhiwa nge-hyphae ehlanganisa i-mycelium. Isikhunta sisinde ngokumunca izakhi zomzimba nge-mycelium. Izinhlamvu ziyindlela yesikhunta. Ama-spores asakazwa esitshalweni ngomoya, imvula neminye imithombo yezindaba. Lapho izimo zifanelekile, ama-spores aqhakaza futhi akha isikhunta. Ama-spores yindlela esemqoka yokusakazeka kwezifo. Ukulimala okuyinhloko okubangelwa isikhunta ukuthi isikhunta simunca izakhi ezivela ezitshalweni, sibhubhise amaseli wezitshalo nezicubu, bese kubangela ukufa kwezitshalo. Isikhunta singahlukaniswa isikhunta se-saprophytic kanye nesikhunta se-parasitic. I-Saprophytic Fungi Feed Office Organic, ngenkathi isikhunta esisezingeni eliphakeme sidla ezintweni eziphilayo futhi silifanisa izitshalo eziphilayo.
Isikhunta asinazo izicubu eziqhutshwa ngamanzi futhi singancika kuphela kumswakama wangaphandle ukuze ukhiqize kabusha. Ngakho-ke, isikhunta cishe asisebenzi ezimweni zezulu esomile, yingakho ukukhukhunta kwezifo ze-fungal zenzeka kakhulu ezimeni zesimo sezulu esiphakeme kakhulu.
Izifo eziphambili ze-Golf Course Turf: I-Brown Spot, Pythium, ukubola okuphelele, indawo yemali, indawo ehlobo, indawo efile, i-lickle wilt, njll.
二. Izici eziyinhloko ezibangela izifo
Izici ezibangela izifo kwi-Golf Course Turf ikakhulukazi zibandakanya izinga lokushisa, umswakama, umanyolo, ukunisela ngomswakama, njll.
1.Cliate kanye nezici zezemvelo
Imvelo yesimo sezulu yinto eyinhloko ebangela izifo, phakathi kwezindlela zokushisa kanye nomswakama yizinto eziwusizo ezilawulwa. Noma yisiphi isifo sidinga izinga lokushisa, umswakama kanye nezimo zokukhanya zilungele ukukhula kwalo nokuzala kwazo. Lapho lezi zimo ezivumayo zenzeka, ama-pathogen asebenza kakhulu futhi angakhula abuye akhiqize ngokushesha, ngaleyo ndlela alimaze utshani. Phakathi kwazo, isimo sezulu esinomswakama siyisimo esifanele kunazo zonke sokuba nesikhunta izifo fungal; izinga lokushisa liyisimo sesibili esibalulekile sokufaka izifo.
Ngaphezu kokushisa kanye nomswakama, i-Shading ibuye ibe yinto ebalulekile ekuncengeni izifo zotshani. Ukukhanya okuphansi kwesikhathi eside kuyasiza emsebenzini wama-pathogens. Izimo zomswakama wesikhathi eside neziphezulu zizokwenza izitshalo zomhlaba zizokwenza ithenda futhi inamanzi, ibenze bangenwe kalula ngamagciwane.
2. Ukuphathwa Kwesondloizinto
Ukuqaliswa okungafanele kwanoma yisiphi isilinganiso sokuphatha kuzoholela ezifweni. Izici Zokuphatha ezisebenzisa izifo zezomthetho zifaka ikakhulukazi: Ukuthena, Ukuvundiswa, Ukunisela, ukulima, njll.
Ukuthena kuphansi kakhulu futhi kaningi kungadala kalula izifo. Njalo lapho uthembela, iziqongo zamaqabunga ezitshalo zizolinyazwa, futhi izintambo zamaqabunga alimele zinikeza amathuba okuhlasela; Amanani amancane wokunisela we-sprinkler azogcina umthetho uhlala umswakama, udala indawo yesikhala yokuthi utshani bukhule. Umswakama owedlulele usiza umsebenzi wama-pathogen futhi kubangela kalula izifo; Iningi lezifo lakwaLown lihlobene nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile komanyolo we-nitrogen. Ukusebenzisa amanani amakhulu omanyolo we-nitrogen kwenza ukuthi utshani bunteke futhi bude, futhi izitshalo zibe mnene futhi zinoshukela, okulungele ukutheleleka kwezifo; Ubukhulu obukhulu benhlabathi yotshani kanye nomoya omncane moya omncane wandisa amathuba okuba izifo; Ukudonswa kwenhlabathi komhlabathi akwandisi umswakama wenhlabathi kuphela futhi kuthuthukisa umsebenzi wesifo, kepha futhi kuthinta ukukhula kanye nokuthuthuka kotshani wezimpande futhi kunciphisa ukumelana kwezifo ngotshani.
Ukuqina kokuphathwa kwezomthetho kanye nezinga labaphathi elidingwa nguTorn kuhlobene nalesi sifo. Ngokuvamile ukukhuluma, ubukhulu besifo buhlobene kahle nobungako bokuphathwa okutshalwe otshanini. Lapho kukhulu ubukhulu bokuphatha, kukhula ithuba lezifo. Indawo enomthamo onesifo kakhulu esifundweni iluhlaza, futhi ama-gengrass threns anezifo eziningi; Okwesibili yiTee, ngoba ukuqina kokuphathwa okubekwe eTee kungokwesibili kuphela kokuluhlaza; Okwesithathu utshani be-fairway, i-fairway Ukuqina kokuphathwa kwe-Golf Course kuphansi kunebhokisi le-tee, kodwa kuphakeme kunaleyo yendawo yotshani obuphezulu; Indawo ephezulu yotshani iyindawo ebanzi enezifo ezimbalwa ezifundweni ezimbalwa esifundweni, ngoba inani lezikhathi zokuthena, uhlelo lokusebenza lomanyolo, ukunisela ngokunuluza, njll. Endaweni ephezulu yotshani kungaphansi kwezinye izindawo zomthetho. Kungabonakala ukuthi ukuphathwa komthetho kanye nokungenzeka kwezifo kubonakala sengathi kungukuphikisana okungatholakali. Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi wethu ufakazela lokho ngokuphatha okufanele kanye nezinyathelo zokuvikela nezindlela zokulawula, lokhu kungqungquthela kungaxazululwa.
三. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela nezesayensi zokulawula
Ukuvimbela izifo ze-Stadium kanye nokulawula kusho indlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela noma ukusebenzisa ama-ejenti aphephile nezemvelo ukulawula ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo futhi ubuyisele ukukhula kotshani lapho izifo zivela okokuqala. Izifo zeTurfgrass zibucayi futhi zivamile ezifundweni eziningi zegalofu ezweni lami, futhi cishe zonke izingemba zezolimo zisetshenziswa ekunakekelweni nasekulawuleni. Yize izifundo zegalofu zingumkhakha we-high-outpekeke futhi eziphumayo, uma kuqhathaniswa nokulungiswa kwezomthetho, cishe zonke izifundo zegalofu azitshali ngokwanele. E-Golf Course Lawn Management, izifundo eziningi zegalofu zilinda kuze kube yilapho izifo ezibucayi zotshani zivela ngaphambi kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ngoba kunzima ukuthenga imikhiqizo eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile i-Golf Course Turf emakethe, umphathi woMnyango weTurf wazama zonke izindlela futhi wachitha isikhathi esiningi namandla ukukhetha imikhiqizo enemithi yokubulala izinambuzane yendabuko. Umphumela waba yingxenye yomphumela onomphumela ophindwe kabili. I-Golf Course Turf inendawo yayo ekhethekile yemvelo kanye nokufika kwemvelo. Kuhlanganiswe nezimpawu ezivikelayo zomkhiqizo, kunzima ukuba nomthelela obalulekile wezokwelapha ku-turf enesifo. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo zegalofu ze-turf izifo kumele zisebenzise imikhiqizo ekhethekile ehlosiwe. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho umkhiqizo ungathola khona imiphumela engcono, futhi umkhiqizo ungaqinisekisa ukuthi ingabhekana nesifo se-microorganisms.
Amaphoyinti asemqoka wezindlela zokuvikela nokulawula:
1. Ukuvimbela kungukuqala nokwelashwa kuyinto ephambili.
Kusho ukuthi ekunakekelweni kwansuku zonke kanye nokuphathwa, izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuphatha kufanele zisetshenziswe kahle, futhi indlela nesikhathi sokuqalisa sezinyathelo ngasinye kufanele zibanjwe ngokunembile, ukuze zigcine utshani obusezingeni elifanelekile futhi buhlise ithuba lokutheleleka ngo Izifo. Okwesibili, vimbela izifo ngohlelo lokusebenza lwansuku zonke lwemikhiqizo ethile yokulawulwa enobungane yemvelo. Musa ukulinda kuze kube yilapho lesi sifo senzeka ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izindlela zokulungisa ukuvikela nokulawula ama-pesticides anobuthi kanye namakhemikhali ayingozi.
2. Ngemuva kokuthena, ukufafaza kokuvimbela kufanele kusetshenziselwe ukuvikela nokuphatha izifo ezingamagciwane.
3. Ukukhula kwesayensi nokunisela okunengqondo.
4. I-Science and Realifing Pruning.
5. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi, ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi.
6. Sebenzisa imikhiqizo yokulawulwa kwezifo zegalofu eziqeqeshiwe
Isikhathi sePosi: Jun-25-2024