Njengendlela entsha yokuhlobisa ingadi, inkundla yegalofuimidlalo yokuhlobisa ingadiindima ebaluleke kakhulu ezinkundleni zegalofu. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nokuhlobisa okuvamile, ukuhlobisa izinkundla zegalofu akumelwe kugxile kuphela ekubukekeni kwezindawo ezinhle, kodwa futhi kuhlangabezane nezidingo zegalofu futhi kungaphazamisi intuthuko evamile yezemidlalo. Lokhu kubeka izidingo eziphakeme ekutshalweni nasekugcinweni kwansuku zonke kwezitshalo zokuhlobisa izinkundla zegalofu. Umbhali uxoxa nawe ngomehluko phakathi kokutshala nokunakekela ukuhlobisa okuvamile ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho okuqoqwe ekutshalweni, ekugcinweni nasekuphathweni kwezinkundla zegalofu eminyakeni embalwa edlule.
1. Isikhala phakathi kwezihlahla kufanele sibe sincane kunokuba sibe sikhulu
Imisebenzi evamile yokushaya igalofu iqedwa otshanini, ngakho-ke utshani luyisici esiyinhloko senkundla yegalofu. Izihlahla zisakazeka kakhulu ezindaweni ezingaphandle komgwaqo, njengezindawo ezinotshani obude nezindawo ezingashayi. Omunye wemisebenzi yezihlahla zenkundla yegalofu ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kokudlala igalofu nokwenza indawo yenkundla yegalofu icace futhi ihluke. Uma isikhala phakathi kwezihlahla endaweni enotshani obude siminyene kakhulu, umthunzi oqinile owakhiwe ngeke nje uthinte ukukhula okuvamile kotshani obude, wandise ubunzima kanye nezindleko zokunakekelwa nokuphathwa kotshani, futhi wehlise ikhwalithi yotshani ngezinga elithile, kodwa futhi ngeke ube mnandi ekudluleni nasekusebenzeni kwezindawo zokunakekelwa nokuphathwa kotshani nezihlahla. Izihlahla ngazinye ezitshalwe endleleni ikakhulukazi ziyizihlahla ezinde, ngokuvamile ezitshalwe zodwa, ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukisa indawo, ukumaka ibanga noma ukwandisa ubunzima bokushaya ibhola. Ngokuvamile, izihlahla ezincane azikwazi ukutshalwa ziminyene, ngaphandle kwalokho ibhola lizowela kulo futhi kuzoba nzima ukulithola, okungahambisani nemithetho yegalofu.
2. Ukutshala ngenhlabathi yangaphandle kanye nokugeleza kwamanzi okuhle
Inhlabathi yokutshala izinkundla zegalofu ihlukile kweyakwezinye izindawo. Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwenkundla yegalofu, inhlabathi evuthwe ebusweni ezindaweni eziningi yonakaliswa ngenxa yezidingo zokwakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kulondolozwe i-micro-topography yenkundla, inkundla ngokuvamile igoqwa ngokuphelele, okubangela ukuminyana okukhulu kwenhlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuso benkundla ngokuvamile buvundliwe ngesendlalelo sesihlabathi esingu-15 cm kuya ku-20 cm kanye nomanyolo wemvelo kanye nenani elincane lenhlabathi evundile elingeziwe ukuze kube lula ukukhipha amanzi kanye nokukhula okuhle kotshani botshani. Ngakho-ke, lapho kutshalwa izithombo, kubalulekile ukumba imigodi yokutshala emikhulu nejulile ngangokunokwenzeka ngokwezincazelo zokutshala, bese ushintsha yonke inhlabathi yokuqala embi nehlanganisiwe emigodini yokutshala ngenhlabathi yokutshala, utshale inhlabathi yangaphandle futhi wenze umsebenzi omuhle wokukhipha amanzi ukuze kube lula ukusinda nokukhula okuvamile kwezithombo.
3. Faka umanyolo njalo nangobuningi obukhulu
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezithombo zasegadini ezikhula kwezinye izindawo, inhlabathi yenkundla imbi kakhulu futhi iqinile. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwezithombo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala okwanele komanyolo. Ngokwesimo sokukhula kwezithombo, kufanele kufakwe umanyolo ngesikhathi ukuze izithombo zikhule futhi zithathe isimo ngokushesha. Umbhali wezwa ukuthi kwakukhona inkundla lapho izithombo ezitshalwe eminyakeni emi-3 empeleni zingakhuli ngenxa yomanyolo ongakafiki isikhathi. Kunalokho, ukukhula kwaba kubi kakhulu kwaze kwaba yilapho zifa.
4. Ukunisela kuyahlukahluka kuye ngendawo
Ukunisela izithombo kuyinto edinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ekunakekelweniukuhlobisa inkundla. Izinkundla ngokuvamile zihlonyiswe ngezinhlelo zokufafaza ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo sokunisela njalo utshani. Lapho kuniselwa utshani, izihlahla eziseduze ngokuvamile zigcwaliswa ngamanzi.
5. Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane nezifo kufanele kuhambisane notshani
Ukuze kugcinwe ukukhula okuvamile kwengadi futhi kuvinjelwe noma kuncishiswe ukulimala kwezinambuzane nezifo, inkantolo idinga ukusebenzisa njalo ama-fungicides, ama-insecticide kanye nezinye izibulala-zinambuzane. Ngokufanayo, ukuvimbela nokulawula izifo nezinambuzane ngesikhathi esifanele, ikakhulukazi izinambuzane, kufanele kwenziwe. Uma izithombo zingavinjelwa futhi zingalawulwa ngesikhathi, ezinye izinambuzane zizophendukela ezithonjeni ngoba azikwazi ukudla utshani, okubangela umonakalo omkhulu ezithonjeni noma ngisho nokulahlekelwa okungenakulungiswa.
6. Nciphisa umthelela wezithombo otshanini, ukushaya amabhola, njll., futhi wandise imizamo yokuthena
Izithombo ezisenkundleni zidinga ukunqunywa njalo ngezizathu ezintathu. Okokuqala, ukunqunywa kungagcina izithombo zisesimweni esihle, ukuze zihlanganiswe nezinye izingxenye zenkundla ukuze zakhe indawo enhle futhi zilethe injabulo engokomoya kubadlali begalofu; okwesibili, kuvimbela izithombo ukuthi zingafihli utshani obungaphansi kwazo futhi kuthinte ukukhula kotshani obusenkundleni; okwesithathu, kuvimbela izithombo ngazinye ezikhula ngokushesha kakhulu endaweni ye-fairway ukuthi zingavimbi umugqa webhola futhi zithinte ukushaya amabhola. Emithini ekhula kabi noma ngisho nokufa ngesizathu esithile, kufanele ihlanzwe futhi itshalwe kabusha ngezithombo ezintsha ngesikhathi ukuze kugwenywe ukubhubhisa umphumela wendawo yonke yenkundla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-19-2024