Ukulungiswa ngemvaukwakhiwa kotshanikudinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe
Izici ezahlukahlukene ekwakhiweni kwenkundla yebhola zinqunyelwe zombili. Ngemva kokuthi isimisiwe, idinga ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa kochwepheshe.
Imbobo isiza ukuthuthukisa ukukhula kotshani be-turf ngesikhathi esipholile
Ukunyathelwa ngamandla kwebhola likanobhutshuzwayo kuzoholela emazingeni ahlukahlukene okuminyana kwenhlabathi, ukwehla komoya emhlabathini kanye nokungenela kwamanzi, futhi ekugcineni kuvimbele ukukhula nokukhula kotshani botshani. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula ukuminyana kwenhlabathi kubalulekile emasimini ebhola likanobhutshuzwayo.
Ukubhoboza imigodi kungenye yezindlela zokungenisa umoya eziphumelela kakhulu ukuxazulula inkinga yokuminyana kwenhlabathi otshanini bebhola. Kungalawula ungqimba lwe-hay, kususe ukuhlukaniswa kwenhlabathi okungase kubangelwe utshani obugoqekayo, futhi kwandise ukuminyana kotshani kanye nokuvuleka kwenhlabathi.
Kodwa ezitshalweni zesikhathi esipholile, izimpande zotshani be-turf emgodini zizokhula, kanti izimpande enhlabathini ezungeze umgodi zizoncipha ziye emazingeni ahlukahlukene. Incazelo: “Njengamanje, abanye ochwepheshe bathole ukuthi ukubhoboza kunomthelela omkhulu ezitshalweni zesikhathi esipholile kunezitshalweni zesikhathi esifudumele maqondana nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokudlala utshani. Ukubhoboza kuthinta izakhiwo zomzimba zenhlabathi kanye nokukhula kotshani be-turf, ikakhulukazi ukukhula kwezimpande. Iziphetho ezahlukene zibangelwa umehluko emishinini yokubhoboza, izinhlobo zenhlabathi kanye nezinhlobo zotshani be-turf.” Ngaphezu kokubhoboza imigodi, ukubhoboza nokufaka ama-scarves utshani nakho kuyizindlela ezivamile zokungenisa umoya nokulungisa.
Umanyolo ohlukene, imiphumela ehlukene
Ekukhuleni okuvamile kotshani, umanyolo ubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amandla okumelana nokululama kotshani benkundla yebhola.
Ukuvundisa kulula ukunganakwa, ikakhulukazi umanyolo we-N. Ukusebenzisa i-N eningi kakhulu noma encane kakhulu kuzoholela ekunciphiseni ukumelana nokunyathelwa kwengadi, futhi kuzobangela kalula ukuvela kwezifo zengadi. Ikakhulukazi, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile komanyolo we-N kungabangela kalula uchungechunge lwezinguquko ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kotshani be-turf, njengeziqu ze-succulent kanye nezicubu zamaqabunga, izakhamzimba ezigciniwe ezincishisiwe, kanye nokuncipha kwezindonga zamaseli.
Ngakho-ke, utshani besikhathi esipholile kumele buhlale bubekezelela futhi bumelana kahle nokunyathelwa. Inani elifanele likamanyolo we-N lingu-200–300kg/(hm2.a). Utshani besikhathi esifudumele bufaneleka kakhulu ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-N njalo ngenyanga ngesikhathi sokukhula kwawo. bungangu-48.9kg/hm2.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zomanyolo zinemiphumela ehlukene ekumelaneni notshani. Ucwaningo lwamanje luthole ukuthi impilo yokusebenza yotshani be-bermudagrass ingandiswa ngokusebenzisa umanyolo we-K. Ngaphambi kokuba utshani bungene ebusika, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile komanyolo we-N kuzobangela umonakalo wokuqandisa utshani. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukwandisa umanyolo we-K kuzonciphisa umonakalo wokuqandisa obangelwa umanyolo we-N.
Inhlabathi efakwe phezulu ilawula ngempumelelo ungqimba lwe-hay
Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokulawula ungqimba lotshani otshanini benkundla yebhola ukusebenzisa inhlabathi ngaphezulu. Uma ungqimba lotshani obusebusweni benkundla yebhola lujiyile kakhulu, luzobangela ukuthi amanzi aqongeleleke ebusweni isikhathi eside. Njengoba ukungena komanyolo nezinye izinto kuvinjelwa, ubulukhuni bomphezulu kanye nokungqubuzana kwensimu kuzoncipha.
Inhlabathi efakwa phezulu ngokuvamile yenziwa ngemva kokubhoboza, futhi ubuso botshani kufanele bulinganiswe nge-rake ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi ukusetshenziswa njalo kwenhlabathi ebusweni kungathuthukisa kancane kancane ukungena kwenhlabathi futhi kuvimbele ukwakheka kwengqimba eyomile. Kuzuzisa futhi ekubuyiselweni kwetshani elonakele kanye nokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwenkundla yebhola.
Inhlabathi efakwe ngaphezulu ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukushintsha umthambeka wombhede wensimu. Ngemva kwesikhathi eside sokusetshenziswa, ubuso benkundla yegalofu buzokhiqiza amazinga ahlukahlukene okugoba. Lesi simo singathuthukiswa yinhlabathi eminingi efakwe ngaphezulu.
Ukusika kanyeukugoqa
Ukuthena kungandisa ubuningi botshani botshani kanye nokushelela kobuso botshani, kodwa uhlelo lwezimpande zotshani lotshani luzothinteka ngezinga elithile. Ukugcina ukuphakama okuhlukene kokusika kuzoba nemiphumela ehlukene ezimpahleni zotshani. Uthe: “Lapho ukuphakama kokusika kotshani kushintsha kusuka ku-2.5 kuya ku-5.0cm, lapho ukuphakama kokusika kotshani kwehla ngo-0.6cm, ukuphakama kokubuyela emuva kobuso benkantolo kuzokwanda ngo-1.75cm.”
Umthelela oyinhloko wokuvama kokugunda utshani ibanga lokugingqika kanye nokuphakama kokubuyela emuva kwebhola. Umthelela wawo wenzeka kuphela lapho ukuphakama okusha kotshani botshani kudlula u-0.3cm phakathi kokugunda utshani okubili. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umthelela wawo ekhwalithini yemidlalo yotshani awubalulekile.
Ukugoqa ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngemva kokusika utshani, okunganciphisa ukungqubuzana ebusweni botshani futhi kwandise ibanga lokugoqa kanye nesivinini sebhola. Umthelela wokugoqa enkundleni yebhola ufana nowabadlali. Ngakho-ke, kugcizelelwa ukuthi isikhathi sokugoqa kanye nesisindo se-roller kudingeka kuqondisiswe kahle, ngaphandle kwalokho ukugoqa kungaba nomthelela omubi otshanini. ST. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-roller ebushelelezi engu-454kg ukugoqa utshani obunokuphakama kokusika utshani okungu-2.9cm kabili. Ibanga lokugoqa ubuso lizokhula ngo-1.4m kanti ukuphakama kokubuya kobuso kuzokhula ngo-5cm.
Nakuba ukugoqa kungandisa ukushelela kobuso benkundla, ukusebenza okungafanele kuzoholela ekunciphiseni ukumbozwa kotshani kanye nokungqubuzana kobuso.
Ngaphezu kwamakhono okunakekela, siyakhathalela nokuthi abasebenzi bokunakekela baqotho yini futhi bayayinakekela kahle ingca. Ukulondolozwa kwesayensi kusekelwe ochungechungeni lobuchwepheshe. Umnakekeli kufanele adlale indima kamama, aqonde ngokucacile amandla nobuthakathaka bengane, bese esebenzisa amandla futhi agweme ubuthakathaka ukuze ayifundise ukukhula. Ukugcinwa kwengca kumane nje ulwazi lwethiyori. Empeleni, udinga ukwenza ukulungiswa kwesayensi ngokusekelwe ezimweni zendawo kanye nezici zengca yakho.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-20-2024