Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuqwashisa kukazwelonke ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo kuye kwanda njalo. Utshani, njengengxenye enombala ophansi wokwenza utshani bube luhlaza, buye baqashelwa kabanzi ngomsebenzi wabo obalulekile ekwenzeni utshani bube luhlaza futhi buhlobise imvelo. Inani lezinhlobo zotshani obufakwe liphindeke kabili, futhi izindawo eziningi eziluhlaza ziyavela emehlweni abantu. Njengamanje, imboni yotshani isingene enkathini yentuthuko enkulu.
Ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele kuyingxenye yempumeleloindawo yokulima utshaniUkukhetha kufanele kulandele izimiso ezimbili ezilandelayo:
Izimiso zokuzivumelanisa nesimo sezulu kanye nemvelo
Umgomo wokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nemvelo yiwona obalulekile ekukhetheni izinhlobo zotshani obukhula endaweni ethile. Ngokusho kokusabela kwezitshalo ezimweni zezulu kanye nendawo yokuhlala, utshani bungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: isizini epholile kanye nesizini efudumele.
Izinga lokushisa elifanele lokukhula kwengadi yesizini epholile lingu-15℃-25℃. Ukukhula kwayo kunqunyelwe kakhulu ukucindezeleka kokushisa okuphezulu, isikhathi sokushisa okukhulu kanye nendawo yesomiso. Ingadi yesizini epholile ifanelekela kakhulu ukutshalwa ezindaweni ezinkulu ezisenyakatho yoMfula iYangtze eNyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe lami, eNyakatho-ntshonalanga yeShayina, eNyakatho yeShayina, eMpumalanga yeShayina, naseCentral China. Izici zayo eziyinhloko isikhathi eside esiluhlaza, umbala oluhlaza ojulile, futhi kudinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ongakhetha kuzo, kufaka phakathi amakhulu ezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-40 ezivela ezinhlotsheni ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili, kufaka phakathi iPoa, iFestuca, iLolium, iBentgrass, iBrome kanye ne-Alkali.
Izinga lokushisa elifanele lokukhula kotshani be-turf ngesikhathi esifudumele lingu-25°C-35°C, futhi ukukhula kwabo kunqunyelwe kakhulu amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu kanye nobude besikhathi. Kufanelekile ukutshalwa ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezindaweni ezishisayo, nasezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo zezwe lakithi. Izici zayo eziyinhloko ukumelana nokushisa okunamandla, ukumelana kahle nezifo, kanye nokumelana nokuphathwa okubanzi. Izinhlobo eziningi zinesikhathi esifushane esiluhlaza, umbala oluhlaza okhanyayo, futhi kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ongakhetha kuzo. , kufaka phakathi cishe izinhlobo eziyikhulu zezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20 ezinhlotsheni ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili, kufaka phakathi iBermudagrass, iZoysia, iTeff, kanye neBisongrass.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwemboni yezitshalo zotshani ezweni lami, amandla esayensi nobuchwepheshe atshalwe kuyo akhule kancane kancane. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izindawo zokuhlola zocwaningo mayelana nokuvumelana nezimo kwezinhlobo zotshani ziye zasungulwa ezweni lonke, okunikeza isiqinisekiso esithembekile sokukhethwa kwezinhlobo zotshani zotshani ezifanele.
Izikhungo zocwaningo lwesayensi ezifanele kanye namabhizinisi amakhulu ezweni lakithi ziye zethula ngokulandelana amakhulu ezinhlobo zotshani ezivela kwamanye amazwe, futhi zenze ukuhlolwa kwezinga elihlukahlukene kanye neziteshi eziningi kokuguquguquka kwezinhlobo. Isimiso sokuzivumelanisa nesimo sezulu kanye nemvelo kwezinhlobo zotshani botshani siye samukelwa kabanzi.
Umgomo wezinzuzo ezihambisanayo kanye nokuvumelana kwesimo sendawo
Utshani lusebenza njengesizinda sokuhlobisa ingadi, futhi ukufana kwendawo yalo kuye kwathola ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Ekukhetheni izinhlobo zotshani botshani, ukulandela isimiso sokuvumelana kwendawo yisimo esibaluleke kakhulu sokufeza utshani obuhle. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kotshani botshani ekucindezelekeni kwemvelo, abacwaningi baphakamise indlela yokuhlwanyela okuxubile. Inzuzo enkulu yokuhlwanyela okuxubile ukuthi inani labantu abaxubile linesizinda esibanzi sezakhi zofuzo kunenani labantu elilodwa, ngakho-ke liyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zangaphandle. Izingxenye ezahlukene zokuhlwanyela okuxubile zinomehluko ekwakhekeni kwezakhi zofuzo, imikhuba yokukhula, izidingo zokukhanya, umanyolo namanzi, ukuzivumelanisa nenhlabathi, kanye nokumelana nezifo nezinambuzane. Inani labantu abaxubile liyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kwemvelo kanye nokusebenza okungcono, futhi lingafinyelela izinzuzo ezihambisanayo. . Izilinganiso zezingxenye engxubeni yokuhlwanyela zilawulwa isimiso sokuvumelana kwendawo.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlwanyela okuxubile: enye iwukuxuba izinhlobo ezahlukene ngaphakathi kohlobo. Isibonelo, enyakatho yezwe lakithi, utshani bokuhlobisa noma ama-turf rolls avame ukusetshenziswa ukuxuba izinhlobo ezahlukene zotshani obuluhlaza. Izakhi zivame ukuba yizinhlobo ezingu-3-4, futhi ingxube phakathi kwezinhlobo ivame ukusetshenziswa. Isilinganiso siyashintsha ngezici zohlobo; ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyingxube yezinhlobo ezahlukene zotshani obuluhlaza phakathi kwezinhlobo, njengengxube ye-fescue ende + utshani obuluhlaza obuvame ukusetshenziswa ezinkundleni zemidlalo. Isilinganiso siyahlukahluka ngokwezinga lokuphatha. Kuhlukile, kodwa isimiso sokuvumelana kwendawo kumele sihlangatshezwe kuqala. Kule ngxenye exubile, ngenxa yokuthungwa kwamaqabunga aqinile kwezici zokuqhekeka kwe-fescue ende, i-fescue ende kumele ibe yingxenye eyinhloko yokuhlwanyela okuxubile, futhi isilinganiso sayo ngokuvamile singama-85 %-90%, utshani obuvelayo bungafinyelela umphumela ofanayo nowendawo.
Utshani be-rye obuhlala isikhathi eside buvame ukusetshenziswa ezingxenyeni zokuhlwanyela ezixubile ukuze busebenze njengesitshalo sokuqala. Buhluma ngokushesha, bukhule izithombo ngokushesha, bungamboza umhlabathi ngokushesha, bakhe umthunzi oyingxenye, bakhe indawo efanelekile yokuthi imbewu ye-bluegrass ihlume, futhi bungavimbela ukukhula kokhula ngezinga elithile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, utshani be-rye obuhlala isikhathi eside busetshenziselwa nokuqapha utshani be-turf obuhlala isikhathi eside ebusika. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi utshani be-rye obuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu buzosongela ukusinda nokukhula kwezinye izingxenye engxubeni, isilinganiso se-ryegrass obuhlala isikhathi eside akufanele sidlule u-50%.
Ukutshala utshani obuhle kuyiphrojekthi ehlelekile eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphezu kokukhetha izinhlobo zesayensi, kufanele futhi ukhethe isikhathi sokutshala esifanele, indlela enhle yokwelapha umbhede, futhi usebenzise ngokuqinileukunakekelwa kotshanikanye namasu okuphatha ukuze kutholakale utshani obuhle.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-26-2024