Utshani obuluhlaza, njengoba igama lisho, utshani obusetshenziswa endaweni eluhlaza yezinkundla zegalofu. Eqinisweni, abantu babiza i-sandpei encane yaseBermuda eyaziwa ngokuthi utshani obuluhlaza. Lolu hlobo lungolwe-genus Graminea, okuyi-bermudagrass evamile kanye ne-African bermudagrass. Uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe. Lunamaqabunga amancane, amaqabunga aminyene, ama-internode amafushane, ukuphakama okuphansi, ukubekezelela usawoti kanye ne-alkali, kanye nokumelana nokuthenwa okuphansi (3-5mm). Lunezinzuzo eziningi njengokuzivumelanisa nezimo okubanzi, amandla okukhula aqinile, kanye nokukhula okusheshayo. Luthandwa kakhulu eningizimu. Lungolunye lotshani obuluhlaza begalofu obuhle kakhulu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, utshani obuluhlaza buye basetshenziswa kancane kancane ezindaweni eziluhlaza zomphakathi, ezinkundleni zemidlalo nasezindaweni zokuhlala eziphezulu. Njengoba utshani obuluhlaza butshalwa engqimbeni yokutshala ye-Huangshajia improver, yonke i-lawn Mechanical drafting isetshenziselwa ukwakha i- umqulu wotshaningobukhulu obufanayo kanye nokukhula kwezimpande eziminyene. Utshani obubekwe kahle bunomphumela osheshayo futhi bucocekile kakhulu futhi buhle. Ngemva kokuba utshani sebuzinzile, ukwanda kwezinambuzane, izifo kanye nokhula kuphansi, okwenza kube lula ukuphatha nokunakekela. Ngenhloso yomphumela wesimo sezulu ebusika, kuvame ukuqala maphakathi no-Okthoba kuya ku-Perennial ryegrass yaphinde yahlwanyelwa maphakathi noNovemba. Utshani obuluhlaza obuphinde bahlwanyelwa nge-ryegrass buthandwa ngabantu ngenxa yombala walo oluhlaza okhanyayo, ukukhula okunamandla, okugcwele amandla kanye nomphumela omuhle wesimo sezulu ebusika. Ngemva kokuhlwanyela kabusha, ukwenza utshani bube luhlaza unyaka wonke. Siyazi ngokujulile ukubaluleka kokunakekelwa nokuphathwa. Uma singaqapheli, kuzokhiqiza imiphumela emibi njengezindawo eziguquliwe, izindawo ezimpunga, kanye nokuphuzi. Ikakhulukazi kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuJuni, ukunakekelwa kuyinto eza kuqala. Okulandelayo isingeniso esifushane sotshani obuluhlaza (ukugcwalisa kabusha). Amaphuzu ayinhloko okunakekelwa nokuphathwa konyaka wonke (okuhlwanyelwe nge-ryegrass) yile:
UJanuwari: Ukubeka utshani obuluhlaza kuthule. Faka umanyolo ohlanganisiwe noma umanyolo wemvelo otshalweni oluhlwanyelwe ngotshani lwe-rye ekuqaleni kwekwindla, lunisele ngendlela efanele, unqume utshani ngesikhathi, bese ushiya utshani buphakeme ngamasentimitha angu-3 kuya kwangu-4. Ukuvimbela ukuhluma kwembewu yokhula entwasahlobo, gxila ekufutheni Faka ukhula olungaphambi kokuhluma. Cindezela ukukhula kokhula ngokusika, okunezelwe ukhula olukhula noma ukulukhipha ngesandla.
UFebhuwari: Ukubeka utshani obuluhlaza kuthule. Utshani obuluhlaza obuphinde bahlwanyelwa ngotshani lwe-rye kufanele bunqunywe ngesikhathi. Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka, gcina ukuthena okuncane, ushiye ukuphakama kotshani ku-3-4cm. Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka, lawula amanzi nomanyolo, yeka ukufaka umanyolo, futhi nisela kancane noma ungawuniseli nhlobo. Ukhula lungasuswa ngemithi yokubulala ukhula noma ngesandla, futhi izinambuzane nezifo cishe azivamile ukuvela ngenxa yokushisa okuphansi.
UMashi: Amahlumela e-stolon node otshanini obuluhlaza aseqalile ukuhluma ekuqaleni kwale nyanga. Hlanyela kabusha utshani lwe-rye bese usika utshani ngesikhathi. Gcina ukusika kuphansi, ushiye ukuphakama kotshani kube ngu-2cm, bese uqhubeka nokulawula amanzi nomanyolo. Ngesikhathi usika, ungasebenzisa isisombululo samanzi esingu-10%. Nciphisa i-glyphosate izikhathi ezingu-2000 noma ufafaze utshani lwe-rye nge-paclobutrazol exutshwe namanzi ukuze uvimbele ukukhula kwalo. Lesi sigaba sibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba amahlumela angenalutho e-Bermuda aqala ukuhluma cishe ngoMashi 10, ahlume, akhule amaqabunga amasha, futhi eduze kwawo. Utshani lwe-rye bukhula ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi bobabili bancintisana ngamanzi, ukukhanya kanye nezakhamzimba. Le ndlela yokukhula inquma ukuthi utshani obuluhlaza busengozini. Uma bushiywe bunjalo, utshani obuluhlaza ngeke bukwazi ukuphenduka bube luhlaza kahle. Ngakho-ke, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ukusika njalo izinga eliphansi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi yokubulala ukhula kanye ne-chlormequat kusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukukhula kotshani lwe-rye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, utshani kufanele lubhobozwe(Kunconywe amakhasimendeI-Kashin Turf Aerator), eqanywe, kanye nengxenye yotshani be-ryegrass, obufile, futhi obuminyene kakhulu kufanele kuqanywe ukuze kwandiswe ukuphefumuleka kwezimpande zotshani, kukhuthaze ukukhula kwezimpande futhi kusiza ekwenzeni utshani obuluhlaza bube luhlaza. Kulesi sigaba, utshani busengozini yokuthola isifo samabala afile entwasahlobo. Naka ukuvimbela. Qhubeka nokufafaza ngengxube ye-mancozeb thiophanate methyl izinsuku ezingu-7-10, izikhathi ezingu-2-3 zilandelana, kungavinjelwa futhi kwelashwe.
U-Ephreli: Izitshalo zasebusika zizoba luhlaza ngokuphelele ekupheleni kwale nyanga. Ngakho-ke, izitshalo zasebusika ezitshalwe kabusha ngotshani be-rye obuhlala isikhathi eside kufanele zigcinwe ziphansi, kushiye u-1cm wotshani, kufakwe umanyolo owengeziwe, futhi kuniselwe ngesikhathi esifanele.
UMeyi: Sika utshani ngesikhathi, ushiye utshani obungu-2-3cm, ufake umanyolo ohlanganisiwe kanye phakathi nonyaka, bese unisela ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukhula luyancishiswa ngokuhlanganiswa kokuthena okuncane kanye nokudonsa ngesandla, okuyisikhathi lapho izinambuzane nezifo kungavamile ukuba khona.
Juni: Ukukhula kotshani kungena esikhathini sako esiphezulu, gunda utshani ngesikhathi, ushiye utshani obungu-2-3cm, engeza umanyolo ohlanganisiwe kanye phakathi nonyaka, bese unisela ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukhula lungena esikhathini sokukhula okunamandla, futhi ukubulala ukhula kanye nokudonsa ngesandla kungasetshenziswa ukususa izithombo zokhula ezinamahlamvu abanzi. , ukulawula ngemithi yokubulala ukhula. Ukusika njalo izinga eliphansi nakho kunganqamula ukhula oluthile. Kulesi sigaba, kunemvula eningi, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nomswakama, futhi utshani lungathinteka ukugqwala, i-fusarium, i-fusarium wilt, i-downy mildew, njll. Naka ukuqaphela kanye nokuvimbela nokulawula ngesikhathi esifanele, ungathatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ngokusho kwesimo sezulu bese ufafaza ama-fungicides njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10.
UJulayi: Isikhathi sokukhula okuphezulu. Utshani be-rye buzofa ngokuphelele. Sika utshani ngesikhathi, ushiye u-2-3cm wotshani. Faka umanyolo owengeziwe ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala zenyanga ukulawula umswakama uma womile futhi umanzi. Ekupheleni kukaJulayi, lapho isizini ye-plum ephuzi iphela futhi ingena esizini ephezulu, yinisele. Kufanele yenziwe ekuseni nakusihlwa, bese kufakwe i-fungicide futhi ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala ukuvimbela izifo.
U-Agasti: Ukukhula kuyaqhubeka, ngakho-ke gunda utshani ngesikhathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyalulekwa ukukamisa utshani ukuze ususe ingxenye yeziqu zotshani kanye nongqimba lwe-hay ukuze kube lula ukuvuselelwa kotshani. Ukhula lukhishwa kakhulu ngesandla bese luniselwa ngesikhathi. Lesi sigaba singena enkathini yokwanda kwezinambuzane ezidla amaqabunga. Izinambuzane ezidla amaqabunga yizona ezivame kakhulu, okuhlanganisa i-Spodoptera litura, i-rice leaf-cutting borer, i-leafhoppers, njll. Izinambuzane ezingaphansi komhlaba zifaka phakathi ama-grub, ama-mole cricket, ama-cutworms, njll. Uma kutholakala izinambuzane, sebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane ngokushesha ukuze ulawule inani lezinambuzane libe lincane.
USepthemba: Ukukhula okuphezulu. Gunda utshani, nisela bese ufaka umanyolo ngesikhathi. Ukuze uvimbele ukugqwala kanye nomkhuhlane ompunga, kungcono ukufafaza ama-fungicide izikhathi ezingu-1-2. Qaphela kakhulu ukuvela kwezinambuzane eziwuhlupho bese uzivimbela futhi uzilawule ngesikhathi.
Okthoba: Utshani bukhula ngamandla. Sika utshani ngesikhathi esifanele sibe ngu-2-3cm, bese uphinda uhlwanyele utshani be-rye phakathi nonyaka. Hlwanyela imbewu ngalesi sikhathi. Ngemva kokukhula isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga, utshani obusha buzohambisana nesikhathi esiluhlaza saseBermuda. Ukuhlwanyela Umthamo omuhle kakhulu ungama-20-25g/imitha yesikwele.
Novemba: Ukukhula kweBermuda kungena enkathini ehamba kancane. Utshani obutshalwe kabusha kufanele buphinde bufakwe umanyolo wemvelo noma umanyolo ohlanganisiwe engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka ukuze kulondolozwe umphumela omuhle oluhlaza ebusika. Uma utshani obutshalwe kabusha bunokuhluma okubi, kungcono ukubugcwalisa ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala zonyaka ukuze ugweme izinambuzane eziyingozi kulesi sigaba. Kusenezizukulwane ezingu-1-2 ezizovela, ngakho-ke qaphela futhi uthathe izintambo ngesikhathi esifanele uma kutholakala ukuthi zinciphisa izinambuzane ezihlala ebusika.
UDisemba: IBermuda ingena esikhathini sokungavuthi kanti utshani be-rye bungena esikhathini sokukhula. Ukuphathwa kwasebusika kufanele kuqiniswe, utshani kufanele bunqunywe ngesikhathi, bese kushiywa utshani obungu-3-4crn. Kulesi sigaba, kunokhula oluncane, izifo kanye nezinambuzane eziyingozi, futhi ukuphathwa kulula futhi kubanzi. Ngamafuphi, uma nje ugxila ezigabeni ezimbili zesikhathi sokuluhlaza kweBermuda kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi kuya ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kanye nesikhathi sokuhluma kotshani be-rye kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba kuya maphakathi noNovemba. Kanye nokudla okuvamileutshaniukulungiswa, utshani lungaba luhlala luluhlaza futhi lufinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu. Umphumela omuhle wendawo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-05-2024