1. Ukuthena
(1) Hlanza imifino eluhlaza njalo uma inqunywa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini izinto ezingafanele. Amagatsha, amatshe, amagobolondo ezithelo, izinto zensimbi nezinye izinto eziqinile kumele zisuswe, ngaphandle kwalokho zizofakwa otshanini obuluhlaza futhi zonakalise ama-blade. Amamaki okushaywa kwebhola kumele alungiswe. Ukulungiswa okungalungile kwamamaki okushaywa kwebhola kuzobangela ukugoba okuningi ngesikhathi sokunqunywa.
(2) Iumshini wokuthenakumele usebenzise umshini wokuthena oluhlaza ozinikele. Imvamisa yokugunda utshani ngokuvamile iba kanye ngosuku, ekuseni. Ukunciphisa inani lezikhathi zokugunda utshani kuzokwenza ukuthi ubuningi botshani bunciphe futhi amaqabunga abe banzi. Kodwa-ke, ukugunda utshani kungamiswa okungenani usuku olulodwa lapho kusatshalaliswa isihlabathi, kulima noma kufakwa umquba. Ukuphakama kokugunda utshani obuluhlaza okungcono kakhulu kungu-4.8 kuya ku-6.4 mm, kanye nobubanzi obuhlukahlukene obungu-3 kuya ku-7.6 mm. Kodwa-ke, ngaphakathi kobubanzi utshani obungabubekezelela, lapho ukuphakama kokugunda utshani kuphansi, kungcono.
(3) Imodi yokuthena Isiqondiso sokugunda utshani ngokuvamile sidinga ukushintshwa njalo. Isimiso sokushintsha isiqondiso singenye yezindlela ezine, ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhiqizwa kwamahlumela okulima ngendlela eyodwa. Le ndlela ingaklanywa ibe yizindlela zewashi, njengehora le-12 kuya kwele-6, ihora le-3 kuya kwele-9, ihora le-4:30 kuya kwele-10:30, bese kuthi ekugcineni kube ngu-1:30 kuya kwele-7:30. Ngemva kokuphela kwesiqondiso, umjikelezo uyaphindwa, okuholela kuphethini elicacile le-strip ngesimo sephethini lesikwele.
(4) Ukususwa kwezihlahla ezinqunyiwe. Izingcezu zotshani ziqoqwa ebhokisini lotshani bese zisuswa koluhlaza. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izingcezu zotshani zingenza utshani obungaphansi bungabi nomoya futhi zidale izinambuzane nezifo.
(5) Ukulawulwa kwamahlumela okulima aqonde ngqo otshanini. Izinamathiselo ezifana nama-green mower brush combs zingasetshenziswa ukulungisa noma ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwama-one-way tillers. Lapho utshani bukhula ngamandla, ukusika kancane okuqondile kwemifino njalo ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-10 kungalungisa inkinga ye-one-way tillering. I-comb noma i-vertical mower kufanele ilungiswe ebusweni botshani.
(6) Kufanele kuqashelwe ngesikhathi sokusika: abaqhubi kufanele bagqoke izicathulo ezisicaba ukuze bagweme ukuthi izithende ezinamekwe ngezipikili zingalimazi oluhlaza; lapho kusika, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuvimbela uphethiloli, uwoyela wenjini noma udizili ukuthi ungavuzi futhi uwe otshanini ukuze kubangele amabala amancane afile; qaphela utshani. Ukuklwebheka kuvame ukwenzeka lapho utshani bungaqinile ngokwanele noma umcamelo wotshani ukhulu kakhulu futhi ubuso bungebushelelezi ngokwanele. Umcamelo wotshani uyavuvukala ngemva kokumanziswa ngemva kwemvula, okungenza utshani buthambe kalula. Kufanele lulungiswe lube ngu-1.6 mm futhi lunqunywe njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma njalo ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2.
2. Ukuvundisa
(1) Isikhathi sokuvundisa: Ngokuvamile umanyolo ophelele oqukethe i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, ne-potassium usetshenziswa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, kanti umanyolo we-nitrogen udinga ukwengezwa njalo phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula.
(2) Indlela yokufaka umanyolo: Kungcono ukufaka umanyolo owomile nge-centrifugal spreader, bese ekugcineni uwufaka ohlangothini oluqondile. Ikakhulukazi kumanyolo ancibilikayo emanzini, avame ukufakwa lapho amaqabunga omile futhi eniselwa ngokushesha ngemva kokufaka ukuze kugwenywe ukushisa amaqabunga. Ukuze uvimbele utshani ukuthi lungashiswa umanyolo, kufanele uqaphele: ungafaki umanyolo otshanini obusanda kunqunywa; ungawugundi utshani ngosuku lokufaka umanyolo; ungafaki umshini wokuqoqa utshani lapho usika utshani; bhoboza oluhlaza ngaphambi kokufaka umanyolo. Umanyolo we-nitrogen owanele kumele usetshenziswe ukuze kugcinwe ubuningi bamahlumela e-turfgrass, amandla okuthola kabusha anele, izinga lokukhula kwamahlumela e-basal, nokugcina umbala ojwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa i-nitrogen engu-1-2.5g/m2 njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15. Umanyolo we-potassium: Njengoba umbhede wesihlabathi wotshani oluhlaza unzima, umanyolo we-potassium uvuza kalula, okulimaza ukugcina ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokubanda, ukumelana nesomiso kanye nokumelana nokunyathelwa kotshani kanye nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande. Ekugcineni, uhlelo lokufaka umanyolo we-potassium lunqunywa ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi. Ngokuvamile, isidingo somanyolo we-potassium singama-50% kuya ku-70% we-nitrogen. Ngezinye izikhathi umphumela wokusebenzisa umanyolo we-potassium omningi ungcono kakhulu. Ezikhathini zokushisa okuphezulu, isomiso kanye nesikhathi eside sokunyathelwa, sebenzisa umanyolo we-potassium njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-20 kuya kwezingama-30. Umanyolo we-phosphate: Isidingo somanyolo we-phosphate sincane futhi kufanele futhi senziwe ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa entwasahlobo nasekupheleni kwehlobo nasekuqaleni kwekwindla.
3. Ukunisela
Ukunisela kungenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokunakekelaukunakekelwa kotshani obuluhlazaLokhu kufanele kunqunywe ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zohlobo ngalunye oluluhlaza kanye nezici zalo ezithonyayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-06-2024