Izimiso zokulungiswa kotshani ziwukuthi: umfaniswano, umsulwa futhi awunakungcola, kanye ne-evergreen unyaka wonke. Ngokwemininingwane, ngaphansi kwemibandela yokuphathwa okujwayelekile, utshani obuluhlaza bungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine ngokuya ngobude besikhathi sokutshala. Owokuqala ukutshala esiteji esigcwele, esisho ukutshala kokuqala kotshani kanye nesigaba sokutshala unyaka owodwa noma okugcwele (100% okugcwele ngaphandle kwesikhala esivulekile), okubizwa ngokuthi isigaba esigcwele. Okwesibili isigaba sokukhula esithuthukayo, esisho eminyakeni engu-2-5 ngemuva kokutshalwa kwezitshalo, okubizwa nangokuthi isikhathi esithuthukayo. Okwesithathu yisigaba sokukhula kancane, esisho eminyakeni eyi-6-10 ngemuva kokutshalwa kwezitshalo, okubizwa nangokuthi isigaba sokukhula kancane. Okwesine yisigaba sokuwohloka, esibhekisela eminyakeni eyi-10-15 ngemuva kokufakelwa, okubizwa nangokuthi isikhathi sokuwohloka. Njengoba kunezinga eliphakeme lokulungiswa kanye nokuphatha, isikhathi sokuwohloka kotshani baseTaiwan singabambezeleka eminyakeni engu-5-8. Isikhathi sokucekelwa phansi sotshani obuqhubekayo esiqhubekayo siseminyakeni engu-3-5 kudlulile notshani baseTaiwan, kuyilapho isikhathi sokuwohloka kotshani obukhulu bungu-3-5 ngaphambili.
1. Ukuphathwa kwesiteji sokuthola kabusha
Ngokusho kwezidingo zokwakheka kanye nezinqubo, umbhede wotshani obusanda kutshalaliswe kufanele asuswe kahle imbewu yokhula kanye nezimpande zotshani, agcwele inhlabathi emsulwa, egcwele iflethi futhi ihlanganiswe ne-Turf ingasetshenziswa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zeTurfing: i-turfing ephelele kanye ne-turfing emincane. Ngokuvamile, isikwele se-turf se-20 × 20 cm sisetshenziselwa iziqeshana ze-sparse. Isichibi esigcwele asinaso isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi futhi sinesikhathi sokutakula sezinsuku ezingama-7-10. Kuthatha inani elithile lesikhathi se-50% yesikhala esivulekile seziqeshana ze-sparse ukugcwalisa. Ukuqothuka kwentwasahlobo kanye ne-turf esetshenziswe ehlobo kuthatha izinyanga ezi-1-2 kuphela ukuyovuthwa, kanti i-turf isetshenziswa ekwindla nasebusika kuthatha izinyanga ezi-2-3 ukuze ivuthwe ngokuphelele. Mayelana nokugcinwa kanye nokuphatha, ukugcizelelwa kumanzi kanye nokuphathwa komanyolo. Entwasahlobo, kungubufakazi obubala, ehlobo kubufakazi belanga, futhi ekwindla nasebusika, utshani busetshenziselwa ukuvikela umoya nomoya othambisa umoya. Ngokuvamile, faka amanzi kanye ekuseni nakusihlwa kungakapheli isonto ngemuva kokusebenzisa utshani, bese ubheka ukuthi i-turf ihlanganiswa yini. Izimpande zotshani ziyadingeka ukuthi zisondele emhlabathini. Futha amanzi kanye njalo kusihlwa amasonto amabili noma amabili ngemuva kokufaka isicelo. Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili, fufaza amanzi kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili kuye ngesizini kanye nesimo sezulu, ikakhulukazi ngokuthambisa. Zivundise njalo ngeviki elilodwa kuya ezinyangeni ezintathu ngemuva kokutshala. Sebenzisa ikhambi lika-1-3% urea elihlanganiswe nokunisela nokufafaza. Dlulisa kuqala bese ukhula. Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, sebenzisa amakhilogremu ama-4-6 we-Urea nge-acre ngayinye kanye ngenyanga. Isicelo esomile ngezinsuku zemvula. , sebenzisa uketshezi ngosuku olunelanga, futhi konke kuzobe sekugcwele.Uma utshani buphakeme ngo-8-10 cm, usike ngeumgundi wotshani. Ukhula kufanele lwenziwe ekuseni ngenyanga ngemuva kokutshala, noma kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari. Lapho ukhula luqala ukukhula, ukumba bese ususa utshani ngesikhathi, bese uyicwebe ngemuva kokumba ukugwema ukukhula okuthinta ukukhula kotshani obukhulu. Utshani obusha obusha obusha ngokuvamile bungekho ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni zezinambuzane futhi akudingi ukufafaza. Ukuze usheshise ukukhula, 0.1-0.5% ama-potassium dihydrogen phosphate angaphuziswa futhi afafazwe esigabeni sakamuva.
2. Ukuphathwa ezigabeni ezithuthukayo nezesikhathi eside
Ngokwesibili kuya kweminyaka yesihlanu ngemuva kokutshala kotshani kuyinkathi yokukhula ngamandla. I-Ornel Orplamemelland iluhlaza ikakhulukazi, ngakho-ke ukugcizelelwa kugcina kuluhlaza. Ukuphathwa kwamanzi, vula utshani buqubuke futhi uqiniseke ukuthi inhlabathi yomile kodwa ayimhlophe futhi imanzi kodwa ayinalutho kodwa ayinalutho. Umgomo ukuwenza womile entwasahlobo nasehlobo futhi emanzi ekwindla nasebusika. Umanyolo kufanele kusetshenziswe kalula futhi kancane, kungaphansi ko-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba konyaka nokuningi emaphethelweni womabili. Sebenzisa amakhilogremu ama-2-4 we-urea Esikhathini esiphakeme sokukhula, lawula umanyolo namanzi ukulawula inani lokukhula, uma kungenjalo inani lezikhathi zokugaya lizokwanda futhi izindleko zokulungisa zizokwanda. Ukulimala kugxilwe kulesi sigaba. Imvamisa yokucheba kanye nekhwalithi yokucheba ihlobene nokuwohloka kokonakala kanye nezindleko zokulungisa. Kungcono ukulawula inani le-cuttings yotshani kuya ezikhathini eziyi-8-10 ngonyaka, ngesilinganiso esisodwa kanye ngenyanga ngo-Septhemba kuya ku-Januwari ngonyaka olandelayo. Utshani bokusika ubuchwepheshe: Okokuqala, ukuphakama kotshani obuhle kakhulu kungu-6-10 cm. Uma idlula i-10 cm, ingasikwa. Lapho kukhulu kune-15 cm, kuzovela "izindunduma zotshani" futhi ezinye izingxenye zizoba njengezingwegwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele kusikwe. Okwesibili ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokusika. Bheka ukuthi amandla oMtanyower okujwayelekile, ukuthi i-grass blade ibukhali futhi ngaphandle kweziphambeko, nokuthi utshani buhlanzekile ngamatshe amahle nemfucumfucu. Okwesithathu ukusebenzisa i-Lawn Mower. Lungisa ibanga le-blade ku-2-4 cm ukusuka emhlabathini (ukucheba okuphansi ngesikhathi eside, ukucheba okuphezulu ekwindla nasebusika), kusengaphambili ngesivinini esingaguquki, kanye nokuqina kwesivinini isikhathi esingajwayelekile, kanye nokuqina kwesivinini ngasikhathi sinye ngaphandle kokuphuthelwa ukusika. Okwesine, hlanza utshani bushiya ngokushesha ngemuva kokusika, futhi bathambisa futhi bavundise.
3. Ukuphathwa kwezigaba ezihamba kancane nezesikhathi eside
Izinga lokukhula kotshani olwenziwe ngo-6-10 eminyakeni engu-6-10 ngemuva kokutshala sehle, futhi amaqabunga afile neziqu ziyanda unyaka nonyaka. Ukubola kwezimpande kuthambekele ezikhathini ezishisayo nezinomswakama, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kulimaze nge-Digitonus (ukushefa bug) ekwindla nasebusika. Ukugxila komsebenzi ukunaka ukunaka nokulawula izinambuzane nezifo. Kubonile ukuthi utshani baseTaiwan bufakwe emanzini izinsuku ezintathu futhi baqala ukuba nokubola kwezimpande. Ngemuva kokudonsa amanzi, kusaphila. Ngemuva kokugcotshwa emanzini izinsuku eziyisikhombisa, ngaphezu kwama-90% ezimpandeni zibolile futhi acishe zingaphili, ngakho-ke kudinga ukwenziwa kabusha. Yize kuzoba nokubola kwezimpande okuncane kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-1-2 zokushisa kwamanzi, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kanye nomswakama ngemuva kokudonsa kuzokwenza ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-pathogens futhi kuholele ekuvutheni kokubola kwezimpande. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu, susa utshani obufile obubi bese usebenzisa isisombululo se-urea. Ukukhula kuzoqala kabusha ngemuva kwesonto. Ukuphathwa komanyolo kanye nokuphathwa kwamanzi ngesikhathi esisheshayo kufanele kuqiniswe kunesikhathi esithuthukayo, futhi umanyolo owengeziwe wezimpande ungandiswa. Inombolo yeutshani bugawulwakufanele ilawulwe izikhathi ezingama-7-8 ngonyaka.
4. Ukuphathwa kwesigaba sokuwohloka kotshani
I-Grassland yaqala ukukhuphuka unyaka nonyaka eminyakeni eyi-10 ngemuva kokutshala, futhi yacekela phansi iminyaka eyi-15 ngemuva kokutshala. Ukuphathwa kwamanzi, ukushintshana ngezikhathi ezomile nezimanzi, kwenqabela ngokuphelele ukugcwala kwamanzi, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzokhulisa ukubola kwezimpande nokufa. Qinisa ukuhlolwa nokuvimbela izinambuzane nezifo. Ngaphezu kokuvundiswa okujwayelekile, sebenzisa ingxube ye-1% ye-1% ye-Pipot Izindawo ezifile ngokwengxenye zingahle zifakwe kabusha. Utshani obungcolile buvuselela kancane ngemuva kokusikwa, futhi inani lezikhathi utshani busikwa akufanele lidlule izikhathi ezi-6 unyaka wonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba utshani obukhulu buncanyana, ukhula kulula ukukhula futhi kudingeka bumbeke ngesikhathi. Abaphathi badinga ukuqiniswa ngokuphelele ngalesi sikhathi ukuze babambezele ngempumelelo ukonakala kotshani.
Isikhathi sePosi: Sep-02-2024