Isici samanzi yisona sici esiyinhloko esithinta ukusinda, ukukhula kanye nekhwalithi yokubukeka kwezitshalo ezindaweni ezomile, ezomile kancane kanye nezinomswakama omncane. Ukuze kugcinwe ukukhula okuhle kwezitshalo kulezi zindawo, ukunisela kanye nokugcwalisa amanzi kubalulekile. Kodwa-ke, abantu bangazuza ukonga amanzi ezitshalo ngezindlela eziningi. Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokonga amanzi ezitshalo: ukonga amanzi kobunjiniyela, ukonga amanzi obuchwepheshe kanye nokonga amanzi ezitshalo.
Ukonga amanzi kobunjiniyela ikakhulukazi kuhlanganisa ukuklama nokufakwa okufanele kwamadivayisi okunisela kanye nawokunisela ukuze kuncishiswe ukumoshwa kwamanzi okunisela okungasebenzi kahle ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa kanye nokufafazwa. Ukwakhiwa noma ukulungiswa okufanele kwemibhede yotshani ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuza okujulile kanye nokuhwamuka ngokweqile kwamanzi okunisela. Lawula ngokuqinile ukwakheka kokuqina kokunisela kwamanzi okunisela ukuze ugweme ukunqwabelana kwamanzi noma ukugeleza kwamanzi. Sebenzisa amanzi angcolile ahlanziwe noma amanzi angaphezulu njengomthombo wamanzi.
Ukonga amanzi kobuchwepheshe
1. Uhlelo lokunisela olufanele ukuze kunqunywe inani elifanele lokunisela. Ezindaweni ezithile, ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe ngokwesidingo samanzi esincane sotshani. Qapha isimo somswakama somhlabathi wotshani, umkhathi noma utshani botshani, bese unisela ngesikhathi esifanele.
2. Izindlela zokulungisa nokuphatha (1) Ukuphakamisainsimbi yokugunda utshaningo-1.3 kuya ku-2.5 cm. Utshani obude obunotshani bunezimpande ezijulile. Ngenxa yokuthi inhlabathi yoma kusukela ebusweni iye phansi, izimpande zingamunca amanzi kalula lapho zijula. Uma izinhlanga ziphakeme, indawo yamaqabunga iba nkulu futhi ukuphefumula kunamandla. Kodwa-ke, inzuzo yesistimu yezimpande ezijulile yenza kube nzima ngendawo yamaqabunga amakhulu. Amaqabunga amakhulu amboza ubuso bomhlabathi, anciphise ukuhwamuka kwenhlabathi, futhi avikele ama-rhizomes ekulimaleni kokushisa okuphezulu.
(2) Nciphisa inani lokusika utshani. Ukulahleka kwamanzi enxebeni ngemva kokusika utshani kukhulu. Uma utshani busika utshani kaningi, kulapho kuvela khona amanxeba amaningi. Ama-blade omshini wokusika utshani kufanele agcinwe ebukhali. Ukusika utshani nge-blade ebukhali kuzobangela amanxeba amabi futhi kuthathe isikhathi eside ukuphola.
(3) Kufanele kusetshenziswe umanyolo we-nitrogen omncane ngesikhathi sesomiso. Isilinganiso esiphezulu somanyolo we-nitrogen senza utshani bukhule ngokushesha, sidinga amanzi amaningi, futhi senza amaqabunga abe luhlaza futhi abe namanzi, okwenza kube lula ukubuna. Umanyolo ocebile nge-potassium kufanele usetshenziswe ukwandisa ukumelana kwesomiso kotshani.
(4) Uma ungqimba lotshani lulukhulu kakhulu, lungasikwa ngomshini wokugunda utshani oqondile. Ungqimba lotshani oluqinile lwenza izimpande zotshani zingashoni kakhulu futhi lwehlisa izinga lokungena kwamanzi, okunciphisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamanzi otshanini.
(5) Sebenzisa i-punch core yomhlabathi ukuze uphefumulele inhlabathi, wandise ukungena kwamanzi, futhi uthuthukise ukukhula kwesiqu nezimpande.
(6) Sebenzisa ama-herbicides ambalwa, njengoba amanye ama-herbicides angabangela umonakalo othile ezimpandeni ze-izitshalo zotshani.
(7) Uma wakha utshani obusha, sebenzisa izinto eziphilayo kanye nezinto zokuthuthukisa inhlabathi ukuze wandise amandla okugcina amanzi enhlabathini.
(8) Ngaphambi kokunisela, qaphela isimo sezulu ukuze ubone ukuthi lizona yini imvula. Sebenzisa igeyiji yemvula ukuze ulinganise imvula ngokunembile. Uma imvula inkulu, yehlisa noma yehlise ukunisela.
(9) Faka izinto zokumanzisa kanye nezinto zokugcina amanzi ngendlela efanele. Zinezakhiwo ezihlukile zokumunca amanzi, zokugcina amanzi, kanye nokugcina amanzi, zingamunca amanzi ngokuphindaphindiwe, futhi zingamunca futhi zigcine amanzi emvula noma amanzi okunisela ngokushesha enhlabathini, ngaleyo ndlela zinciphise ukulahleka kwamanzi futhi zinciphise inani lokunisela.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-29-2024