Uhlaza luyingcezu yotshani oluphethwe kahle olutholakala eduze komgodi wenkundla yegalofu. Luyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu futhi enakekelwa ngokucophelela kakhulu yenkundla yegalofu. Ikhwalithi yalo inquma ibanga lenkundla yegalofu. Uhlaza olusezingeni eliphezulu ludinga utshani oluphansi, ukuminyana kwamagatsha namaqabunga amaningi, indawo ebushelelezi nefanayo, kanye nokuqina okuhle. Ngakho-ke, kunzima kakhulu ukuphatha nokugcina uhlaza. Ukuphathwa nokugcinwa kwansuku zonke kufanele kwenziwe kusukela kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
1. Ukunisela
Ukunisela kuwumsebenzi obalulekileukulungiswa kwansuku zonkekwezitshalo eziluhlaza. Amandla okugcina amanzi ombhede wesisekelo sesihlabathi sohlaza awulungile, futhi ukusika utshani okuncane kuzonciphisa amandla okumunca amanzi otshani botshani ngezinga elithile. Lokhu kudinga ukunisela okwanele kotshani ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okunamandla kotshani botshani.
Ukunisela kufanele kulandele isimiso samanani amancane kanye nezikhathi eziningi, ikakhulukazi ehlobo noma ekwindla eyomile. Naka ukugcina isihlabathi kanye nama-rhizome emanzi. Akukho mkhawulo wenani lokunisela ngosuku, kusukela ezikhathini ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6. Isikhathi sokunisela kufanele sibe sebusuku noma ekuseni kakhulu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umoya awunamandla, umswakama uphakeme, futhi izinga lokushisa liphansi, okunganciphisa ukuhwamuka kwamanzi. Uma unisela emini, ingxenye yamanzi izohwamuka ngaphambi kokufika emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, ukunisela kufanele kugwenywe lapho ilanga linamandla emini. Kodwa-ke, umswakama owedlulele odongeni lotshani uvame ukuholela ezifweni. Ukunisela ebusuku kuzogcina utshani botshani bumanzi isikhathi eside, okuzokwenza ungqimba lwe-wax kanye nezinye izendlalelo zokuvikela ebusweni besitshalo sotshani zibe mncane, okwenza kube lula ngamagciwane kanye nezinambuzane ezincane ukusizakala ngalesi simo futhi zisakazeke ezicutshini zezitshalo. Ngakho-ke, ekuseni kakhulu yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokunisela utshani. Amanzi kufanele aniselwe kahle futhi ngokugcwele, futhi angagcwali utshani. Ukunisela ngakunye kufanele kukhawulelwe ekumanziseni ubuso futhi kungakhi ukugeleza kwamanzi. Ngokuvamile, amanzi angangena ngamasentimitha angu-15 kuya kwangu-20. Uma unisela, umlomo kufanele ulungiswe ube yinkungu encane yemvula ukuze ugweme amaconsi amakhulu amanzi azothinta ubuso bohlaza.
2. Ukuvundisa
Utshani oluhlaza lwakhiwe phezu kotshani olusekelwe esihlabathini. Utshani oluluhlaza alugcini kahle umanyolo. Ingxenye enkulu yomanyolo oyisisekelo njenge-peat exutshwe nayo iyalahleka ngenxa yokuphuma kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, utshani oluhlaza ludinga umanyolo omningi, futhi umanyolo we-nitrogen odingekayo ngonyaka wokuqala ungaphezu kweminyaka yakamuva. Lapho kutshalwa utshani oluhlaza, umanyolo wokuqala kufanele wenziwe lapho izithombo seziphakeme cishe ngo-2.5 cm. Umanyolo we-nitrogen usetshenziswa kakhulu, amagremu ama-3 ngemitha yesikwele. Umanyolo kufanele usetshenziswe njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-15 ngemva kwalokho, ngesilinganiso sokusetshenziswa esingu-1 kuya ku-3 amagremu ngemitha yesikwele. Ngokuvamile, umanyolo we-nitrogen omsulwa kanye nomanyolo wentengo ephelele kufanele kujikeleziswe. Umanyolo wentengo ephelele ungasetshenziswa kanye nokubopha entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kanti umanyolo we-nitrogen uvame ukusetshenziselwa ukufaka umanyolo. Umanyolo wentengo ephelele ikakhulukazi umanyolo we-nitrogen ephezulu, i-phosphorus ephezulu, kanye nomanyolo we-potassium osheshayo osebenza kancane, kanti isilinganiso se-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, kanye ne-potassium kungcono sibe ngu-5:3:2.
Ngokwendlela yomthamo womanyolo kanye nezidingo zotshani botshani,ukusetshenziswa komanyoloNgokuvamile kufaka phakathi ukufutha, kanti umanyolo owomile onama-granular ufakwa ngokusakaza, ukufaka imichilo, kanye nokufaka iphuzu. Umanyolo owuketshezi kanye nomanyolo oncibilikayo emanzini ungafuthwa, kanti umanyolo owomile onama-granular ungasetshenziswa ngokusakaza noma ukufaka iphuzu. Ukufaka umanyolo ngesandla noma ukufaka umanyolo wemishini kuvame ukuhlukanisa umanyolo ube izingxenye ezimbili, ingxenye evundlile kanye nengxenye evundlile. Uma inani lomanyolo lincane, lingaxutshwa nesihlabathi ukuze kufakwe umanyolo ofanayo. Kungcono ukufaka umanyolo lapho izithombo zomile ukuvimbela umanyolo ukuthi unamathele emaqabunga ezithombo futhi ubangele ukusha. Amanzi kufanele afakwe ngokushesha ngemva kokufaka umanyolo ukuvimbela umanyolo ekushiseni izithombo. Ukufaka umanyolo kufanele kuqhutshekwe ngesikhathi sesigaba sohlaza oluncane kuze kube yilapho oluhlaza seluvuthiwe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-12-2024