1. Ukuthena
(1) Hlanza okuluhlaza ukuze kutholakale izinto ezingafanele ngemva kokuthenwa ngakunye. Amagatsha, amatshe, amagobolondo ezithelo, izinto zensimbi nezinye izinto eziqinile kumele zisuswe, ngaphandle kwalokho zizofakwa otshanini obuluhlaza futhi zonakalise ama-blade. Amamaki okushaywa kwebhola kumele alungiswe. Ukulungiswa okungalungile kwamamaki okushaywa kwebhola kuzobangela ukugoba okuningi ngesikhathi sokuthenwa.
(2) Okuzinikeleumshini wokugunda oluhlazakumele kusetshenziswe. Imvamisa yokugunda utshani ngokuvamile iba kanye ngosuku, ekuseni. Ukunciphisa inani lezikhathi zokugunda utshani kuzoholela ekunciphiseni ubuningi botshani kanye namaqabunga abanzi. Kodwa-ke, lapho kuhlanzwa, kuhlakulwa noma kufakwa umquba, ukugunda utshani kungamiswa okungenani usuku olulodwa. Ukuphakama kokugunda utshani obuluhlaza obufanele kungu-4.8 kuya ku-6.4 cm, kanye nobubanzi obungu-3 kuya ku-7.6 cm. Kodwa-ke, ngaphakathi kobubanzi utshani obungabubekezelela, ukuphakama kokugunda utshani okuphansi, kungcono.
(3) Imodi yokugunda utshani Indlela yokugunda utshani ivame ukushintshwa isikhathi ngasinye. Umgomo wokushintsha indlela ungenye yezindlela ezine zokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamahlumela okulima aqondene ngqo. Le ndlela ingaklanywa njengendlela yokuqondisa iwashi, njengehora le-12 kuya kwele-6, ihora le-3 kuya kwele-9, ihora le-4:30 kuya kwele-10:30, bese kuthi ekugcineni kube ngu-1:30 kuya kwele-7:30. Ngemva kokujikeleza ngalezi zindlela ezine, umjikelezo uyaphindwa, okuholela kuphethini yomugqa ocacile omise okwegridi.
(4) Ukususwa kwezingcezu. Ingadi iqoqwa ebhokisini lotshani ngemva kokunqunywa bese isuswa koluhlaza. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izingcezu zotshani zingenza ingadi engaphansi ingaphefumuli kahle futhi zidale izinambuzane nezifo.
(5) Ukulawulwa kwamahlumela otshani angaqondisiwe ngqo otshanini. Izesekeli ezifana nama-combs otshani aluhlaza angasetshenziswa ukulungisa noma ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamahlumela otshani angaqondisiwe ngqo. Lapho utshani bukhula ngamandla, ukucheba kancane utshani obuluhlaza njalo ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-10 kungalungisa inkinga yamahlumela otshani angaqondisiwe ngqo. I-cham yotshani noma i-vertical mower kufanele ilungiswe ebusweni botshani.
(6) Izinto okufanele uziqaphele ngesikhathi sokusika: Abasebenzi kufanele bagqoke izicathulo ezisicaba ukuze bagweme ukulimala kohlaza okubangelwa yizinsika ezinezipikili; Lapho usika, qaphela ukuvimbela uphethiloli, uwoyela wenjini noma udizili ukuthi ungavuzi futhi uwe otshanini ukuze kuvele amabala amancane afile; Naka imihuzuko yotshani, evame ukubangelwa utshani obungaqinile ngokwanele noma utshani obujiyile kakhulu futhi obungasheleli ngokwanele. Ngemva kwemvula, utshani buzovuvukala ngemva kokucwiliswa, okungenza utshani buthambe kalula. Kufanele bulungiswe bube yi-1.6 cm ukuphakama futhi bunqunywe njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2.
2. Ukuvundisa
(1) Isikhathi sokuvundisa: Ngokuvamile, umanyolo ogcwele oqukethe i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kanye ne-potassium usetshenziswa entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Esikhathini esisele sonyaka wokukhula, umanyolo we-nitrogen udinga ukwengezwa njalo.
(2) Indlela yokufaka umanyolo: Kungcono ukufaka umanyolo owomile nge-centrifugal spreader bese ekugcineni ufaka ngendlela eqondile. Ikakhulukazi umanyolo oncibilikayo emanzini, ngokuvamile ufaka lapho amaqabunga omile, bese unisela ngokushesha ngemva kokufaka ukuze ugweme ukushisa amaqabunga. Ukuze uvimbele utshani ukuthi lungashiswa umanyolo, kufanele unake okulandelayo: ungafaki umanyolo ngemva kokuba utshani busanda kunqunywa; ungasinqumi utshani ngosuku lokufaka umanyolo; ungafaki umshini wokuqoqa utshani lapho usika; bhoboza oluhlaza ngaphambi kokufaka umanyolo. Umanyolo we-nitrogen owanele kumele usetshenziswe ukuze kugcinwe ubuningi bamahlumela aphansi otshanini, amandla anele okubuyisela, izinga lokukhula kwamahlumela aphansi kanye nokugcina umbala ojwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa i-nitrogen engu-1-2.5g/m2 njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15. Umanyolo we-potassium: Njengoba umbhede wotshani oluhlaza unesihlabathi, umanyolo we-potassium kulula ukuwuvuza, okungahambisani nokugcina ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokubanda, ukumelana nesomiso kanye nokumelana nokunyathelwa kotshani kanye nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande. Okokugcina, nquma uhlelo lokufaka umanyolo we-potassium ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi. Ngokuvamile, isidingo sikamanyolo we-potassium singama-50% kuya ku-70% we-nitrogen, futhi ngezinye izikhathi umanyolo we-potassium omningi ungcono kakhulu. Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu, isomiso kanye nesikhathi eside sokunyathelwa, sebenzisa umanyolo we-potassium njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-20-30. Umanyolo we-phosphorus; isidingo sikamanyolo we-phosphorus sincane, futhi kufanele futhi senziwe ngokwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi, ngokuvamile entwasahlobo nasekupheleni kwehlobo nasekuqaleni kwekwindla.
3. Ukunisela
Ukunisela kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhuluizinyathelo zokulungisakwezindawo zotshani eziluhlaza. Kufanele kunqunywe ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zohlaza ngalunye kanye nezici zalo ezithonyayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-05-2024