Ehlobo, izifo zotshani zivamile, futhi ukunakekelwa kotshani kuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Izinkinga ezivamile zokunakekelwa kotshani kanye nokuphathwa kwazo zifingqiwe kanje:
Ukugunda utshani: Inani lokusika: Kufanele kulandelwe isimiso esithi “1/3 yenani elizonqunywa”, futhi kufanele kugwenywe ukusika ngokweqile. Inani lokusika isikhathi ngasinye akufanele lidlule i-1/3 yobude obuphelele beziqu namaqabunga, futhi ama-rhizome akufanele alimale. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukukhula okuvamile kotshani botshani kuzothinteka ngenxa yokungalingani phakathi kokukhula kweziqu namaqabunga angaphezulu komhlabathi kanye nokukhula kwezimpande ezingaphansi komhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, inani lokusika utshani kumele lilungiswe. Yiba ngqongqo ngakho. Ukuphakama kokusika (ukuphakama kwezinti): Kungukuphakama okuqondile kwamagatsha angaphezulu komhlabathi ngemva kokusika. Uhlobo ngalunye lotshani botshani lunobubanzi balo obuthile bokuphakama kokusika lapho imiphumela yokusika utshani egculisayo ingatholakala khona. Uma luphansi kunobubanzi bokuphakama kokusika, kuzosuswa iziqu namaqabunga amaningi aluhlaza, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwesiqu namaqabunga, iziqu ezindala zivezwe, ngisho nomhlabathi uvezwe; uma luphakeme kunobubanzi bokuphakama kokusika, utshani luzoba luncane ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka, futhi utshani luzoba luncane. Idliwa kalula ukhula, okwenza utshani botshani bube bushelelezi, buthambile noma buhlale, okwenza kube nzima ukwakha indawo yotshani eyanelisayo. Utshani botshani obuhlukene bubekezelela ukuphakama okuhlukene kokusika ngenxa yezici zabo ezihlukene zebhayoloji. Utshani botshani obukhula buqonde phezulu, njenge-bluegrass, i-fescue ende, njll., ngokuvamile abumelani nokugunda okuphansi; utshani botshani obunama-stolons, njenge-creeping bentgrass kanye ne-bermudagrass, bumelana nokugunda okuphansi. Utshani botshani botshani besikhathi esipholile bungena esikhathini sokushisa futhi ukumelana kwabo kuyancishiswa, ngakho-ke ukuphakama kwezinhlanga kufanele kwandiswe ngokufanele. Imvamisa yokunquma kufanele inqunywe kanye njalo emavikini angu-2-3. Lapho usika, naka indlela yokusika ukuze uvimbele ukubonakala kwemicu enemibala ehlukene yokukhanya nemnyama. Uma kuvela isifo, ama-blade omshini wokusika utshani kufanele ahlanzwe amagciwane lapho usika utshani ukuze uvimbele isifo ukuthi singasabalali.
Ukuvundisa Utshani: Uma ufaka umanyolo otshanini ehlobo, sebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen ngokucophelela futhi wandise inani lomanyolo we-potassium. Uma umanyolo we-nitrogen ungasetshenziswa ehlobo, amaqabunga otshanini besizini epholile azophenduka aphuzi futhi abe nokumelana okunamandla kwezifo. Uma kusetshenziswa umanyolo we-nitrogen omningi kakhulu, kuzovela izifo ezinkulu futhi ikhwalithi yotshani izokwehla kakhulu. Uma usebenzisa umanyolo, ungakhetha umanyolo otshanini. Umanyolo ofanele otshanini awukwazi nje ukulungisa isilinganiso se-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, i-potassium kanye neminye imifino, kodwa futhi uqukethe inani elifanele le-nitrogen encibilikayo emanzini kanye ne-nitrogen engancibiliki emanzini. Uhlanganisa ijubane kanye nokuhamba kancane ukulawula i-nitrogen ngokufanele. Izinto ezilandelwayo zivame ukungezwa ngesimo se-sulfate, kanti ezinye zengeza nezibulala-zinambuzane, ama-fungicides, njll., ukuze umanyolo, ukubulala amagciwane kanye nokususwa kwezinambuzane kuqedwe ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ukunisela ngesikhathi: Nquma ngokunembile isikhathi sokunisela utshani. Lapho umbala wamaqabunga otshani ushintsha kusuka ekukhanyeni kuya ebumnyameni noma inhlabathi iphenduka ibe mhlophe kancane, utshani ludinga ukuniselwa. Kutshani oluvuthiwe, amanzi kufanele “aniselwe ngokushesha nje lapho selomile futhi kahle kanye”, kanti kutshani olungavuthiwe, “inani elincane kufanele liniselwe izikhathi eziningana” ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okuvamile kotshani. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe ekuseni kakhulu noma kusihlwa lapho kungekho moya noma umoya ovunguzayo ukunciphisa isikhathi sokumanzi kobuso bamaqabunga, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe amathuba esifo. Ukunisela kufanele kugwenywe emini nasebusuku ehlobo. Ukunisela emini kungabangela ukusha kotshani kalula, futhi ukuhwamuka okukhulu kuzonciphisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamanzi okunisela, ngakho-ke ukunisela emini kufanele kugwenywe. Ukunisela ebusuku kuzogcina utshani lumanzi ubusuku bonke, okungaholela kalula ezifweni.
Ukhula nezifo Ehlobo, ezinye izinhlobo zokhula olunotshani njenge-crabgrass, utshani be-foxtail, kanye notshani be-barnyard otshanini zindala kakhulu. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokulawula, i-dilution factor ye-herbicide kumele yandiswe. Izitshalo zasebusika zivame ukungenwa yizifo ezifana ne-Pythium wilt, i-sickle wilt, kanye ne-summer spot phakathi nalesi sikhathi sonyaka. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphatha nokunakekela, kufanele kuqashelwe ukufafaza i-fungicide evikelayo i-Luan. Uma utshani seluthelelekile, kufanele kukhethwe i-fungicide yokwelapha njenge-Lvkang, i-Sujuqing, ne-Xiabanol ukuze kuvikelwe futhi kulawulwe.
Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane uJulayi no-Agasti yizikhathi lapho izinambuzane ezidla amaqabunga njenge-meadow borer larvae kanye ne-armyworms zilimaza utshani, ngakho-ke kufanele kuhlolwe. Khetha i-Moth Borer Cleaner izikhathi ezingu-800 ukuze kulawulwe ukufuthwa, okuphephile futhi okungangcolisi imvelo. Kungawisa izinambuzane ngokushesha futhi kuvikele izitha zemvelo. I-Diflubenzuron ingasetshenziswa futhi ukulawula.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-16-2024