Ukukhula kwemboni yezitshalo kuwuphawu lwempucuko yabantu kanye nentuthuko yezenhlalo. Imboni yezitshalo zezwe lami manje isingene enkathini entsha yentuthuko enkulu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izitshalo zezitshalo zesikhathi esipholile ezinenani eliphezulu lokuhlobisa ziye zathuthuka ngokushesha.
Utshani be-turf obukhula ngesikhathi sokupholisa, obuvela eNyakatho Yurophu nase-Asia, bunokushisa okufanele kokukhula okungu-15 kuya ku-25°C. Bunokumelana okuqinile nokubanda kanye nokumelana nokushisa okubuthakathaka. Buhlukaniswe nge-Bentgrass, Festuca, kanye ne-Blackgrass yomndeni omncane we-Festuinae. Utshani be-Wheatgrass kanye ne-Poa spp.
Ngenxa yezinguquko ezimweni zokulima, ikhwalithi yotshani besikhathi esipholile yehle ngamazinga ahlukahlukene. Kunezizathu ezimbili: okokuqala, ukukhetha uhlobo lwesitshalo akufanelekile ngenxa yezici zemvelo; okwesibili, ukunakekelwa nokuphathwa kotshani akusebenzi. Abantu bavame ukuthi “izingxenye ezintathu zokutshala, izingxenye eziyisikhombisa zokuphathwa”, okubonisa ukuthi ukunakekelwa nokuphathwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kotshani.
Utshani obukhula ngesikhathi sokupholisa buthanda isimo sezulu esipholile nesimanzi. Isimo sezulu siyashisa ehlobo, futhi ukukhula kotshani obukhula ngesikhathi sokupholisa kuyabuthaka, okwenza bube sengozini enkulu yezifo ezahlukahlukene zamagciwane kanye nesikhunta. Uma indlela yokuphatha ingafanele, uma lesi sifo sesitholakele, ngeke nje kuthinte umphumela wokubukwa kotshani, kodwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kuzoholela nasekufeni kwezindawo ezinkulu zotshani obukhula ngesikhathi sokupholisa, okubangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho.Utshani obuluhlazaesifundeni esisenyakatho manje sifingqa izindlela ezingalungile zokuphatha ihlobo. Ungabheka lesi sihloko ukuze uvimbele izinkinga zotshani besikhathi esipholile ehlobo.
1. Ukugcizelela ohlangothini olulodwa ekusikeni okuphansi
Kugcizelelwa uhlangothi olulodwa endimeni yokugunda utshani kancane ekukhuthazeni umoya wokungenisa utshani kanye nokudluliselwa kokukhanya, kuyilapho kunganakwa izici zokukhula kotshani obusesikhathini esipholile.
Ukuze kwandiswe umoya nokudluliselwa kokukhanya kwengadi ehlobo futhi ivumelane nendawo eshisayo, ingadi igundwa kakhulu, okwenza ingadi ibuthaka ngokushesha futhi ikhule kancane, futhi ukuzivumelanisa kwayo nendawo ezungezile kwehla kakhulu, okudala izimo ezinhle zokuvela kwezifo ezahlukahlukene. . Indlela efanele ukwandisa ukuphakama kokugunda ingadi ngamasentimitha angu-1 kuya kwangu-2 ehlobo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhono lengadi lokubekezelela izindawo ezingezinhle. Thena njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-15, kungabi ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yokuphakama kwayo isikhathi ngasinye.
2. Khulisa ukusetshenziswa komanyolo osebenza ngokushesha ngendlela ehambisana nohlangothi olulodwa
Ukukhula kotshani kuyabuthaka ehlobo. Ngokuvamile, ukuze kugcinwe ukukhula kotshani okunamandla, kufakwa umanyolo osebenza ngokushesha otshanini, okwenza utshani lukhule kakhulu futhi kuncishiswe ukumelana.
Indlela efanele ukusebenzisa inani elifanele lomanyolo ohlanganisiwe okhipha kancane noma umanyolo we-organic otshanini ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Akugcini nje ngokuqinisekisa isidingo somanyolo wotshani, kwenza utshani lukhule luqine futhi luthuthukise ukumelana nezifo, kodwa futhi akubangeli ukuthi utshani lukhule ngokweqile.
3. Ukunganaki indlela nendlela yokunisela
Amanzi ayisici esibaluleke kakhulu ekunqumeni ukuthi utshani besikhathi esipholile bukhula kahle kangakanani. Ihlobo liyashisa futhi lomile. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe isidingo samanzi sotshani besikhathi esipholile, abaphathi bafafaza amanzi otshanini nsuku zonke. Abanye baze bahlele isikhathi sokufafaza amanzi emini eshisayo. Ngenxa yalokho, inhlabathi ejulile yomile isikhathi eside, kuyilapho inhlabathi engaphezulu imanzi isikhathi eside, okwenza uhlelo lwezimpande zotshani lube luncane futhi lungabi nzulu, futhi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo nokumelana kuyancipha. Ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu wenhlabathi engaphezulu, izifo ezifana namabala ansundu kanye ne-blight ziyaqhubeka zenzeka ngesikhathi sokushisa okuphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le ndlela yokunisela nayo ikhulisa kakhulu ukuhwamuka kwamanzi, okubangela ukuchitha okukhulu kwemithombo yamanzi.
Indlela efanele ukuhlanganisa izimo zomswakama wenhlabathi kanye namanzi kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezintathu ngesikhathi sesomiso, 10 kuya ku-20 cm njalo, ekuseni nakusihlwa ukunciphisa ukuhwamuka kwamanzi nokulondoloza amanzi.
4. Ukugcizelela ohlangothini olulodwa ezindleleni zokuphatha ezifana imigodi yokubhoboza, ukukama utshani, nokususa ungqimba lotshani
Izinyathelo ezintathu zokuphatha ezingenhla zidlala indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni ukuphefumuleka kotshani kanye nokuthuthukisa ukukhula kotshani. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokukhula okubuthakathaka kotshani ehlobo, akufanele zenziwe. Kufanele zenziwe entwasahlobo nasekwindla lapho utshani besikhathi esipholile bukhula ngamandla.
5. Ukunganaki ukusabalala kokhula
Ukususwa kokhula kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphathwa kotshani basehlobo. Ukhula lubhekisela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zotshani ngaphandle kotshani obutshalwe ngenhloso. Lapho abantu abaningi bekhipha ukhula ezitshalweni zasezinkathini ezipholile, bakholelwa ukuthi utshani basezinkathini ezifudumele njengotshani be-buffalo nabo buyizinhlobo zotshani be-turf, futhi balushiya ngenkuthalo.
Ngenxa yokuthi utshani obusezinkathini ezifudumele njengotshani be-buffalo bunezimbotshana ezikhule kahle futhi bukhula bube utshani ngokushesha kunotshani obusezinkathini ezibandayo, utshani obusanda kwakhiwa obusezinkathini ezipholile buphenduka ngokushesha bube utshani obusezinkathini ezifudumele njengotshani be-buffalo phakathi neminyaka emibili noma emithathu. Umgomo wokuqala wokutshala awuzange ufezwe.
6. Ukunganaki ukuvimbela izifo
Ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kanye nesimo sezulu esimanzi ehlobo, utshani buvame ukungenwa yizifo ezahlukahlukene. Ekuphathweni, izifo zivame ukutholakala bese zilawulwa, okungagcini nje ngokuphazamisa kakhulu umphumela wokubuka utshani, kodwa futhi kubangela ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho.
Kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanele zokunakekela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kotshani, futhi izibulala-zinambuzane ezifana ne-chlorothalonil kufanele zifuthwe otshanini njalo lapho zinqunywa ukuze kuqedwe lesi sifo ehlumeni futhi kuvunyelwe utshani ukuthi lukhule ngendlela evamile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-24-2024