Ngemva kokuba utshani selutshalwe isikhathi eside, ezinye izitsha zizobuyela emuva zibe luhlaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo bese ziba phuzi, kanti ezinye iziza zingase ziwohloke futhi zife, okuthinta umphumela wokubukwa. Kungaba nzima ukwenza kanjalo uma zonke izindleko zokufaka esikhundleni ziphezulu. Umbhali ubuyisele umbala oluhlaza wezitshani eziphuzi ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zobuchwepheshe kuzo zonke iziciukunakekelwa kotshaniOkuhlangenwe nakho manje kwethulwa kanje:
1. Ukunisela ngesikhathi esifanele. Ngemva kwemvula, amanzi angena enhlabathini. Ngemva kokuphefumulela emaqabungeni otshani, ukuhwamuka ebusweni, kanye nokuvuza kwamanzi emhlabathini, amanzi adingekayo ekukhuleni kotshani esimweni sezulu esomile ngeke anele, okuholela ekuphuzeni noma ngisho nasekufeni kotshani. Ukunisela ngesikhathi esifanele kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi ezimpande zotshani ayawadinga.
Ukunisela kuyimfuneko yokuqinisekisa ukukhula okuvamile kotshani. Ehlobo elishisayo, ukunisela kungasetshenziswa ukulungisa isimo sezulu esincane, ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa, nokuvimbela ukusha. Kungathuthukisa ukuncintisana kotshani nokhula futhi kwandise isikhathi salo sokusebenza. Ukunisela okunengqondo kungathuthukisa ukumelana kotshani futhi kumelane nomonakalo ovela ezifweni nasezilokazaneni eziwuhlupho.
Indlela yokunquma ukuthi uzonisela nini utshani lwakho ukuhlola inhlabathi ngommese noma nge-soil auger. Uma inhlabathi engaphansi kwamasentimitha ayi-10 kuya kwangu-15 okusabalala kwezimpande yomile, kufanele unisele. Ukunisela nge-sprinkler kusetshenziselwa ukunisela ngokulinganayo. Njengoba uhlelo lwezimpande zotshani lusakazwa kakhulu engqimbeni yomhlabathi enobubanzi obungaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-15, kuyalulekwa ukuthi umanzise ungqimba lomhlabathi lube ngamasentimitha ayi-10 kuya kwangu-15 ngemva kokunisela ngakunye.
Kuyadingeka ukuthela amanzi aqandisiwe ngaphambi kokuba kufike ubusika. Ukuze utshani bube luhlaza futhi bube luhlaza kusenesikhathi, kubalulekile ukuthela amanzi aluhlaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
2. Ukukamisa ungqimba olubunayo Ungqimba olubunayo luvimbela umoya nokumuncwa kwelanga utshani obuluhlaza, luthinta i-photosynthesis, futhi lunikeza indawo yokuthi ama-spores ebhaktheriya abangela izifo kanye nezinambuzane zizalane futhi zikhule ebusika, okuholela ekuveleni kwezifo nezinambuzane eziwuhlupho. Ukukamisa kungenziwa kanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kanye kanye ngasekupheleni kwekwindla. Sebenzisa ikamu noma i-hand rake ukususa utshani obufile, okuzosiza utshani ukuba bube luhlaza ngesikhathi futhi kubuyisele umbala walo oluhlaza.
3. Ngaphezu kwamanzi, umoya, kanye nokukhanya kwelanga, ukukhula kwezitshalo ezisebenzisa i-urea nakho kudinga ukutholakala kwezakhamzimba okwanele. Umanyolo ofanele unganikeza izakhamzimba ezidingekayo ezitshalweni zezitshalo. Umanyolo we-nitrogen osebenza ngokushesha ungakhuthaza ukukhula kweziqu namaqabunga ezitshalo zezitshalo zezitshalo futhi wandise umbala wazo oluhlaza. Umanyolo onokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen yi-urea. Esikhathini esidlule, i-urea yayisetshenziswa ngesandla ngaphambi kwenkathi yemvula. Umkhuba uye wafakazela ukuthi le ndlela yabangela umbala ophuzi noluhlaza ongalingani wezitshalo futhi yayenza yathinteka yizifo. Kulo nyaka, sisebenzise amanzi afudumele avela emthonjeni ukuze sincibilikise i-urea kuqala, bese siyifutha ngeloli yamanzi, okwasebenza kangcono.
Ngaphezu komanyolo we-nitrogen, umanyolo we-phosphorus kanye ne-potassium nawo ayadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana notshani. Isikhathi sokufaka umanyolo sisekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ihlobo, kanye nekwindla. Faka umanyolo we-nitrogen ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kanye nasekwindla ekupheleni, kanye nomanyolo we-phosphorus ehlobo.
4. Ukubhoboza UtshaniUtshani obelukhula iminyaka eminingi bucinezele ubuso botshani ngenxa yokugingqika, ukunisela, ukunyathelwa, njll. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokuqongelela ungqimba olubunayo, utshani botshani bunobuthi obukhulu, amandla alo ayancipha, futhi utshani bubonakala buphuzi. Ukuphuphuma kwendle kuyindlela yokungenisa umoya etshanini.
Ukubhoboza inhlabathi kungandisa ukugeleza kwenhlabathi, kube lula ukungena kwamanzi nomanyolo, kunciphise ukuminyana kwenhlabathi, kukhuthaze ukukhula kwezimpande zotshani, futhi kulawule ukubonakala kwengqimba yokubuna. Imisebenzi yokubhoboza akufanele yenziwe lapho inhlabathi yomile kakhulu noma imanzi kakhulu. Ukubhoboza imigodi esimweni sezulu esishisayo nesomile kuzokwenza uhlelo lwezimpande lome. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokubhoboza imigodi yilapho utshani lukhula ngamandla, lunamandla okuqina, futhi lunezimo ezinhle zemvelo. Utshani kumele luniselwe ngemva kokubhoboza futhi kufanele kufakwe nomanyolo.
5. Ukuvimbela Nokulawula Ukhula Olusetshanini, Izifo Nezinambuzane Ukuvela kokhula olusetshanini, izifo nezinambuzane kuzophazamisa ukukhula nokukhula kokhula, kunciphise ukukhula kwalo, futhi kubangele ukuphuzi. Izifo eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi ukugqwala, amabala ansundu, amabala amaqabunga, kanye nokubuna kwePythium, okwenzeka kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba. Futha iziqu namaqabunga okhula esigabeni samaqabunga angu-3-5, kanti umphumela wokhula ungaba ngu-90%. Uma utshani selukhulile, sebenzisa umkhawulo ophezulu onconywayo. Naka ukulawula ngokuqinile umthamo ukuze ugweme ubuthi be-phytotoxicity.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-22-2024