Kunezinhlobo eziningi zotshani be-turf ezinezici ezahlukene. Ukuhlukanisa utshani be-turf ngokwezindinganiso ezithile kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlukaniswa kotshani be-turf.
Ukuhlukaniswa okusekelwe ezimweni zezulu kanye nokusabalala kwesifunda sotshani be-turf. Utshani be-turf bungahlukaniswa bube utshani be-turf obufudumele kanye notshani be-turf obupholile ngokwezimo zezulu ezifanele zokukhula kotshani be-turf kanye nobubanzi bokusatshalaliswa kwesifunda.
1. Utshani obukhula ngesikhathi esifudumele: Obubizwa nangokuthi utshani basehlobo, bungobezinye zezitshalo zomndeni omncane we-Gramineae kanye ne-Thrush. Izinga lokushisa lokukhula elifanele lingama-degrees angu-25-30, futhi busakazeka kakhulu eMfuleni iYangtze kanye nasezindaweni eziphakeme eziphansi eningizimu. Isici salo esiyinhloko ukuthi alusebenzi ebusika, luqala ukuba luhlaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, futhi lukhula ngamandla ngemva kokululama. Ekupheleni kwekwindla, uma kwenzeka umonakalo weqhwa, iziqu zalo namaqabunga azo azobuna futhi abe luhlaza. Phakathi kwezitshalo ezikhula ngesikhathi esifudumele, eziningi zazo zijwayele ukutshalwa eningizimu yeShayina, futhi zimbalwa izinhlobo ezingakhula kahle ezindaweni ezisenyakatho.
2. Utshani be-turf obukhula ngesikhathi sokupholisa: Obuye bubizwe ngokuthi utshani basebusika, buyingxenye yomndeni omncane we-Poa. Busakazeka kakhulu enyakatho yezwe lami enyakatho yoMfula iYangtze, njengeNyakatho yeShayina, eNyakatho-mpumalanga yeShayina kanye naseNyakatho-ntshonalanga yeShayina. Izici zalo eziyinhloko ukumelana nokubanda okuqinile, ukungabekezeleli ukushisa ehlobo, kanye nokukhula okunamandla entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Kufanelekela ukutshalwa enyakatho yezwe lami. Ezinye zalezi zinhlobo zingatshalwa nasezifundeni eziphakathi naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yezwe lami ngenxa yokuzivumelanisa nezimo kwazo okuqinile.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwemindeni nezizukulwane ezahlukene. Esikhathini esidlule, ukwakheka okuyinhloko kwezitshalo zotshani kwakuwutshani. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwathuthuka kwaba yiCyperaceae, Fabaceae, Convolvulaceae, njll.
1. Utshani be-Graminea buhlanganisa izitshalo zotshani ezingaphezu kuka-90%. Uhlobo lwezitshalo luhlukaniswe umndeni omncane we-fescue, umndeni omncane we-millet kanye nomndeni omncane we-thrush.
(1) Utshani obunama-bent: Izinhlobo zotshani ezimele zihlanganisa utshani obunama-bent obuncane, utshani obunama-downy, utshani obunama-creeping bent kanye notshani obunama-chaff grass obuncane. Lolu hlobo lotshani lunama-stolons noma ama-rhizomes, lusakazeka ngokushesha, lunokusebenza okuhle kokwakha utshani, futhi luyamelana nokunyathelwa. , utshani buhle futhi buqinile, amaqabunga makhulu, futhi lujwayele inhlabathi enomsoco futhi emanzi kancane. Lungakha utshani obusezingeni eliphezulu, njengezinkundla zegalofu, izinkundla ze-hockey nezinye izinkundla zemidlalo kanye notshani obuhle bokuhlobisa.
(2) Uhlobo lweFestuca: Izinhlobo ezimele zihlanganisa i-fescue ensomi enamaqabunga aqinile, i-fescue ensomi ekhasa, i-fescue, i-fescue enamaqabunga amahle kanye ne-fescue ende. Isici esivamile ukuthi imelana kakhulu nokucindezeleka, futhi imelana kakhulu ne-acid, i-alkali, inhlabathi engenalutho, eyomile, isimo sezulu esibandayo, esishisayo kanye nokungcoliswa komoya. I-fescue ensomi enamaqabunga aqinile, i-fescue ekhasa, i-fescue, kanye ne-fescue enamaqabunga amahle zonke ziyizinhlobo ezikhula kancane ezinamahlamvu amahle. I-fescue ende iwuhlobo olude nolunamaqabunga abanzi. I-Festuca turfgrass isetshenziswa kakhulu njengembewu ehambisana nayo ekuhlwanyeleni okuxubile kwe-utshani benkundla yezemidlalokanye nezindawo zotshani eziluhlaza ezahlukahlukene.
(3) Uhlobo lwe-Poa: Izinhlobo ezimele yi-bluegrass yasezindaweni ezinotshani, i-common bluegrass, i-woodland bluegrass kanye ne-bluegrass, njll. Inezimila ezikhule kahle, ikhono eliqinile lokwenza utshani, futhi imelana nokunyathelwa. Ikhwalithi yotshani ilungile, iphansi, futhi ithambe. Utshani bunokuqina okuhle, amaqabunga aluhlaza akhanyayo, kanye nesikhathi eside esiluhlaza. Bunokumelana okubuthakathaka nokucindezeleka futhi bunezidingo eziqinile zamanzi, umanyolo kanye nokuthungwa komhlabathi. Lolu hlobo lotshani luwuhlobo oluyinhloko lotshani olusetshenziselwa ukwakha izikhala eziluhlaza ezahlukene enyakatho futhi luwuhlobo oluyinhloko lotshani olusetshenziselwa ukwakha utshani bezemidlalo, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo eziningi zotshani obuluhlaza.
(4) Utshani lwe-Rye: Izinhlobo zotshani ezimele yi-ryegrass ehlala isikhathi eside, utshani lwe-foxtail, kanye notshani lwe-timothy. Imbewu ye-ryegrass ehlala isikhathi eside inezinga eliphezulu lokuhluma, ukuhluma okusheshayo, ukukhula okuluhlaza, kanye namaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani nacwebezelayo. Kodwa-ke, zidinga izimo zamanzi amaningi kanye nomanyolo futhi zihlala isikhathi esifushane (iminyaka engama-96). Ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukuhlwanyela okuxubile utshani bezemidlalo kanye notshani obuhlukahlukene obuluhlaza. Izinhlobo zotshani ezivikelwe ohlelweni.
(5) I-Zoysia: Izinhlobo zotshani ezimele yi-Zoysia, i-Zoysia macrospike, i-Zoysia sinensis, i-Zoysia Manila, kanye ne-Zoysia tenuifolia. Utshani be-Zoysia bunezici eziningi ezinhle kakhulu njengokumelana nesomiso, ukumelana nokunyathelwa, ukumelana nokungazali, ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane, njll., futhi bunezinga elithile lokuqina nokunwebeka. Akuyona nje isitshalo esihle kakhulu sotshani, kodwa futhi isitshalo esihle sokulungisa inhlabathi nokuvikela imithambeka.
2. Izitshalo ezingezona i-graminoid: Noma yisiphi isitshalo esinama-stolons athuthukile kahle, aphansi futhi aminyene, amelana nokuphathwa okubanzi, ukunyathelwa, isikhathi eside esiluhlaza, futhi kulula ukwakha utshani obuphansi singasetshenziswa ukubeka utshani. Utshani be-Cyperaceae turfgrass, njenge-Carex alba, i-Carex tenuifolia, i-Carex heterospora, i-Carex ovata, njll.; i-clover emhlophe, i-clover ebomvu, imbali yomqhele eguquguqukayo, njll. yohlobo lwe-leguminous Trifolium lungasetshenziswa njengezitshalo zotshani bezimbali zokuhlobisa, okwesibili, kunezinye utshani, njenge-creeping water chestnut, i-step grass, i-thyme, i-creeping Potentilla, njll., ezingasetshenziswa futhi njengemibhede yezimbali zengadi, ukumodela kanye nezitshalo zotshani zokuhlobisa.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngobubanzi be-lawn blade
1. Utshani obunamaqabunga abanzi: obunamaqabunga angaphezu kuka-4mm ububanzi, ukukhula okuqinile kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okunamandla, bufanelekela izindawo ezinkulu zotshani. Njengotshani be-zoysia, utshani bekhaphethi, utshani obungashintshi, utshani be-bamboo, i-fescue ende, njll.
2. Utshani obunamaqabunga amancane: Iziqu namaqabunga mancane kanti ububanzi bamaqabunga bungu-94mm. Bungakha utshani obuyisicaba, obufanayo nobuminyene futhi budinga izimo ezinhle zenhlabathi. Njenge-bentgrass, i-zoysia, i-bluegrass, i-fescue kanye ne-buffalo grass.
Hlukanisa ngokwezinga lokuphakama kwesitshalo! Utshani obuphansi: Ukuphakama kwesitshalo ngokuvamile kungaphansi kwama-20cm, okungakha utshani obuphansi nobuminyene obunama-stolons nama-rhizomes akhule kahle. Amelana nokunyathelwa, aphathwa kabanzi, amaningi asebenzisa ukuzala okungenabo ubulili. Njengotshani be-buffalo, utshani be-bermuda, utshani bekhaphethi, utshani obungasetshenzisiwe.
Utshani obude obungatshani: Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kuvame ukuba ngu-20cm. Ngokuvamile kukhula ngokuhlwanyela imbewu. Bukhula ngokushesha futhi bungakha utshani ngesikhathi esifushane. Bufanelekela ukutshala utshani obunendawo enkulu. Ububi balo ukuthi kumele bunqunywe njalo ukuze kwakhiwe utshani obubushelelezi. Njenge-fescue ende, i-ryegrass, i-bluegrass, i-bentgrass, njll.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwenhloso yotshani botshani
1. Utshani bokuhlobisa: busetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni zokuhlobisa. Izinhlobo zotshani kudingeka zibe zithe tyaba, ziphansi, zibe nesikhathi eside esiluhlaza, futhi zibe neziqu namaqabunga aminyene. Ngokuvamile, utshani obunamaqabunga amancane bufanelekile. Noma ezinye izitshalo ezinamahlamvu akhethekile nanobuhle, amabala amahle, imivimbo nemibala emaqabungeni noma emaqabungeni, kanye nemibala emihle yezimbali namaphunga. Njenge-clover emhlophe, imbali yomqhele eshintshashintshayo, i-thyme, i-creeping Potentilla.
2. Utshani obujwayelekile obuluhlaza: Utshani obuningi obuluhlaza bungasetshenziswa njengotshani obujwayelekile obuluhlaza. Buyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, busebenziseka kahle kakhulu futhi buyakwazi ukukhula. Bunezinhlobo eziningi zokukhula kanye nendawo enkulu yokutshala, futhi sebuyizinhlobo zotshani eziyinhloko endaweni. Busetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni zokungcebeleka. Abunaso isimo esiqinile kanye nokuphathwa okubanzi, okuvumela abantu ukuthi bangene emisebenzini yokuzijabulisa. Njenge-fine-leaf zoysia, utshani obukhaphethi, kanye notshani be-bermuda eningizimu yezwe lami, kanye notshani obuluhlaza, i-white clover, kanye notshani be-buffalo enyakatho.
3. Utshani botshani obulungisa inhlabathi nokuvikela ukuthambeka: ezinye izinhlobo zotshani botshani ezinezithombo ezikhule kakhulu kanye nama-stolon anomphumela oqinile wokulungisa inhlabathi kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okuqinile, njengotshani be-zoysia, utshani obungaguquki, utshani be-bamboo, utshani be-bromegrass, uhlobo lwe-rhizome lwe-Yanmaicao njll.
4. Ukuhlobisautshani botshani: ibhekisela ezitshalweni zotshani ezinemibala emihle esakazeke futhi itshalwe otshanini ukuze ihambisane futhi ihlobise utshani. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezitshalweni zokuhlobisa, njenge-corolla, impande ye-lotus, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-15-2024